If A is an n- th order square matrix and E is an n- th order identity matrix, then if there exists an n- th order square matrix B such that AB = BA = E , then A is said to be regular or invertible. In this case, matrix B is called the inverse matrix of A and is written as A -1 . We are considering the inverse transformation x = A -1 y of the linear transformation y = A x . It is not certain that an inverse matrix always exists for any square matrix, but if it does exist, there is only one defined way. A necessary and sufficient condition for A -1 to exist is that the determinant | A | of A is not 0. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
A を n 次の正方行列,また E を n 次の単位行列とするとき,AB=BA=E となる n 次の正方行列 B が存在すれば,A は正則または可逆であるという。このときの行列 B を A の逆行列といい,A-1 と書く。1次変換 y=Ax の逆変換 x=A-1y を考えているわけである。任意の正方行列に対して,逆行列が常に存在するとはかぎらないが,もし存在すれば,ただ1通りに定まる。 A-1 が存在するための必要十分条件は,A の行列式 |A| が0でないことである。
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