A general term for musical instruments that use air as a sound source. It is the fourth category of the four widely used classifications of musical instruments (diophonics, membraphonics, stringed instruments, and aerophonics) proposed by E. Hornbostel and C. Sachs, and is broadly divided into trumpets and flutes, which are called wind instruments in Japan, and free aerophonics. Among wind instruments, the trumpet family has instruments in which the vibration of the lips against the mouthpiece interrupts the airflow, causing the air column inside the tube to vibrate, the reed wind family has instruments in which one or two reeds vibrate to interrupt the airflow, and the flute family has instruments in which a sharp edge creates a vortex in the airflow that it hits, causing the air column to vibrate. Free aerophonics include bull roarers, sirens, and organ reed stops. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
空気を発音体とする楽器の総称。 E.ホルンボステルと C.ザックスが提起し,広く用いられている楽器の4分類法 (体鳴楽器,膜鳴楽器,弦鳴楽器,気鳴楽器) の第4類で,日本で管楽器と呼ばれているラッパおよび笛の類と,自由気鳴楽器に大別される。管楽器のうち,トランペット属はマウスピースに当てた唇の振動が気流を断続し,管内の空気柱が振動するもの,リード管楽器属は1枚または2枚のリードが振動して気流を断続するもの,フルート属は鋭いエッジが,それに当る気流に渦を起し,空気柱を振動させるものである。自由気鳴楽器にはブル・ロアラー,サイレン,オルガンのリード・ストップなどが含まれる。
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