Psychiatrist and psychopathologist. Born in South Gyeongsang Province, Korea. His family has been doctors in Kyoto for generations. Graduated from Kyoto University School of Medicine in 1955. During his internship he studied under Masashi Murakami (1910-2000), and translated Binswanger's Schizophrenie (1957) with Tadao Miyamoto (1930-1999) and others from 1960 to 1961. He also attended a seminar on Being and Time led by Koichi Tsujimura (1922-2010), which compared Heidegger with Kitaro Nishida, and through this he developed an interest in Dasein analysis. During his two studies in Germany (1961-1963, 1969-1970), he met psychopathologists Hubertus Tellenbach (1914-1994), Alfredo Kraus (1928-1999), and Blankenburg. From 1970 to 1986, he was an associate professor and professor at Nagoya City University School of Medicine, and from 1986 to 1994, he was a professor at Kyoto University School of Medicine (later a professor emeritus). In 1994, he was a senior researcher at the Kawai Institute for Cultural and Educational Research, and from 1995 to 2001, he was a visiting professor at the Faculty of Letters, Ryukoku University. In 1981, he received the Siebold Prize (West Germany), and in 1985, the Egner Prize (Switzerland). Based on his clinical experience with schizophrenia, he explored the phenomenological structure of the self and interpersonal relationships by making full use of concepts rooted in Japanese such as "aida," "koto," "jikaku," and "ki," and by boldly recasting existing concepts such as noesis and noema. His writing career began with "Psychopathology of Self-Awareness" (1970) and "Hitoto to Hito no Aina" (Between People and People) (1972), and the contents of his ideas that came to fruition in "Phenomenology of Schizophrenia" (1975) after "The Structure of Abnormality" (1973) remain consistent in his subsequent works, including "Aida" (1988) and "Schizophrenia and Others" (1990). In other words, he defines the self as noetic self-awareness. In other words, he tries to grasp the self not as a fixed entity ("mono," "noema self," "reality") but as a state of movement or event ("koto," "actuality") in the phase of becoming. Furthermore, while the act of moving toward the world involves an implicit awareness of the self, in schizophrenia this implicit self-generation is no longer self-evident; the noetic self becomes otherized, and the "space" between the self and other ("metanoesis"), which should be the basis of the self, appears as a terrifying other. Kimura's thought was formed mainly through the analysis of schizophrenia, but in his works "Self, Between, and Time" (1981), "Time and Self" (1982), and "The Pathology of Immediacy" (1986), he took up other psychiatric illnesses from the perspective of time consciousness, extracting characteristics such as the "post-festum" of depressed people who are obsessed with the past, the "intra-festum" of epileptic seizures and borderline personality disorder, where festive moments appear in the present, and the "ante-festum" of schizophrenia, where people struggle to anticipate an unpredictable future, providing a new perspective on the humanistic understanding of time consciousness. Since the 1990s, he has deepened his concept of "Aida," the bodily realm between self and other, and has shown an inclination toward the theory of life, discussing physicists Karl Weizsäcker and Hölderlin in The Forms of Life/The Life of Forms (1992), and Nietzsche in The Psychopathology of Chance (1994). [Yasuhiko Murakami] Between People (1972, Kobundo) ▽ Phenomenology of Schizophrenia (1975, Kobundo/Chikuma Gakugei Bunko) ▽ Self, Between, and Time: Phenomenological Psychopathology (1981, Kobundo/Chikuma Gakugei Bunko) ▽ Pathology of Immediacy (1986, Kobundo) ▽ Between (1988, Kobundo/Chikuma Gakugei Bunko) ▽ Schizophrenia and the Other (1990, Kobundo/Chikuma Gakugei Bunko) ▽ The Form of Life/Life of Form (1992/New Edition, 1995, Seidosha) ▽ The Psychopathology of Chancery (Iwanami Gendai Bunko) ▽ The Psychopathology of Self-Awareness (Kinokuniya Shinsho) ▽ The Structure of Abnormality (Kodansha Gendai Shinsho) ▽ “Time and Self” (Chukoshinsho) ▽ “Schizophrenia” by L. Binswanger, translated by Yasuhiko Shinkai, Tadao Miyamoto, and Satoshi Kimura, “Schizophrenia” 1 and 2 (1960, 1961, Misuzu Shobo)” ▽ “Joël Bouderlique Les doubles références philosophiques de la psychopathologie phénoménologique de Kimura Bin (in ▽ ``Claire Vincent Présentation de la vie, de l'œuvre et des idées maîtresses du Professeur Kimura Bin (in Études phénoménologiques no.25, 1997, Ousia, Bruxelles)'' [References] | | | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
精神科医、精神病理学者。朝鮮慶尚南道(けいしょうなんどう)生まれ。実家は京都の代々医師の家系。1955年(昭和30)京都大学医学部卒業。インターン時に村上仁(まさし)(1910―2000)の教えを受け、同時に1960~1961年宮本忠雄(1930―1999)らとビンスバンガーの『精神分裂病』Schizophrenie(1957)の翻訳を行う。さらに辻村公一(1922―2010)による、ハイデッガーを西田幾多郎と対比して読解する『存在と時間』講読ゼミへの出席などを通じて、現存在分析への関心を強める。二度のドイツ留学時(1961~1963、1969~1970)に、精神病理学者テレンバッハHubertus Tellenbach(1914―1994)、クラウスAlfredo Kraus(1928―1999)、ブランケンブルクらと出会う。1970~1986年名古屋市立大学医学部で助教授、教授、1986~1994年(平成6)京都大学医学部教授(その後名誉教授)、1994年より河合文化教育研究所主任研究員、1995~2001年(平成13)龍谷大学文学部客員教授。1981年シーボルト賞(西ドイツ)、1985年エグネール賞(スイス)受賞。 統合失調症(精神分裂病)の臨床経験をもとに、「あいだ」「こと」「自覚」「気」といった日本語に根ざした概念を駆使し、あるいはノエシス・ノエマといった既存の概念を大胆に改鋳しつつ、自己および対人関係の現象学的構造を探索した。著作活動は『自覚の精神病理』(1970)、『人と人との間』(1972)から始まったが、『異常の構造』(1973)を経て『分裂病の現象学』(1975)において結実した思想内容は、『あいだ』(1988)、『分裂病と他者』(1990)をはじめとするその後の著作でも一貫している。すなわち自己をノエシス的な自覚と定義する。つまり、自己を固定した実体(「もの」「ノエマ的自己」「リアリティ」)としてではなく生成の局面において運動態あるいはできごと(「こと」「アクチュアリティ」)としてとらえようとするのである。また、世界へと向かう行為に随伴して暗黙のうちに自己が自覚されるのであるが、統合失調症においてはこのような暗黙の自己生成が自明のものではなくなり、ノエシス的自己が他者化するために、自己の基盤となるべき自己と他者の「あいだ」(「メタノエシス」)が恐るべき他者として現れるというのである。 木村の思想形成はおもに統合失調症の分析を通じてなされたが、『自己・あいだ・時間』(1981)、『時間と自己』(1982)、『直接性の病理』(1986)においては、他の精神疾患を時間意識の側面から取り上げ、過去に拘泥するうつ病者の「ポスト・フェストゥム(あとの祭り)」、現在時において祝祭的瞬間が出現するてんかんの発作や境界性人格障害の「イントラ・フェストゥム(祭りのさなか)」、そして予期しえない未来を先取りしようともがく統合失調症の「アンテ・フェストゥム(祭りのまえ)」という特徴を取り出し、時間意識の人間学的把握に新たな視点を提供した。1990年代以降は自他未分の間身体的領域である「あいだ」という概念を深化させ、生命論への傾斜をみせ、『生命のかたち/かたちの生命』(1992)では物理学者のカール・ワイツゼッカーやヘルダーリン、『偶然性の精神病理』(1994)ではニーチェを論じている。 [村上靖彦] 『『人と人との間』(1972・弘文堂)』▽『『分裂病の現象学』(1975・弘文堂/ちくま学芸文庫)』▽『『自己・あいだ・時間――現象学的精神病理学』(1981・弘文堂/ちくま学芸文庫)』▽『『直接性の病理』(1986・弘文堂)』▽『『あいだ』(1988・弘文堂/ちくま学芸文庫)』▽『『分裂病と他者』(1990・弘文堂/ちくま学芸文庫)』▽『『生命のかたち/かたちの生命』(1992/新版・1995・青土社)』▽『『偶然性の精神病理』(岩波現代文庫)』▽『『自覚の精神病理』(紀伊國屋新書)』▽『『異常の構造』(講談社現代新書)』▽『『時間と自己』(中公新書)』▽『L・ビンスワンガー著、新海安彦・宮本忠雄・木村敏訳『精神分裂病』1・2(1960、1961・みすず書房)』▽『Joël BouderliqueLes doubles références philosophiques de la psychopathologie phénoménologique de Kimura Bin(in Études phénoménologiques no.25, 1997, Ousia, Bruxelles)』▽『Claire VincentPrésentation de la vie, de l'œuvre et des idées maîtresses du Professeur Kimura Bin (in Études phénoménologiques no.25, 1997, Ousia, Bruxelles)』 [参照項目] | | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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