...In other words, when prosecution is not necessary due to the character, age, and circumstances of the criminal, the seriousness and circumstances of the crime, and the situation after the crime, prosecution may not be brought, and broad discretion is given to the initiation of prosecution (Article 248). This is called the principle of expediency, and the principle that does not allow such discretion, as in German law, is called the principle of legality of prosecution (although even in German law, exceptions to the principle of legality of prosecution are recognized for minor crimes, crimes abroad, and other crimes). The advantages of the principle of expediency of prosecution are that it contributes to the rehabilitation of criminals by avoiding unnecessary prosecutions, and that it allows the focus of criminal justice to be on crimes that truly require prosecution. *Some of the terminology used in reference to the "principle of legality of prosecution" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…すなわち,犯人の性格,年齢および境遇,犯罪の軽重および情状ならびに犯罪後の情況により訴追を必要としないときは,公訴を提起しないことができるのであり,公訴の提起について広い裁量権が与えられている(248条)。これを起訴便宜主義といい,ドイツ法のようにこのような裁量を認めない原則を〈起訴法定主義〉という(もっとも,ドイツ法においても,軽微犯罪,国外犯罪,余罪などについて起訴法定主義の例外が認められている)。起訴便宜主義の利点は,不必要な訴追を回避することにより犯罪者の改善更生に資することができること,刑事司法の重点を真に訴追が必要な犯罪におくことができることなどである。… ※「起訴法定主義」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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