...But can utility be measured? The idea that utility can be measured like weight, length, or temperature is called cardinal utility theory, while the position that utility can be measured like the hardness of an object or the strength of an earthquake, in other words, that utility can be compared, is called ordinal utility theory. In the latter position, there are an infinite number of scales of utility that express the relationship between the magnitude of the same utility, and therefore the magnitude of marginal utility is not fixed, but its ratio is. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "cardinal utility theory" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… ところで,効用とは計ることができるものであろうか。重さや長さ,あるいは温度のように計ることができるという考え方を基数効用論といい,そうではないが,物の硬さや地震の強さのような意味では計れる,つまり効用の大小の比較だけはできるという立場を序数効用論という。後者の立場では,同じ効用の大小関係を表現する効用の尺度は無限にあり,したがって限界効用の大きさは確定しないがその比率は確定する。… ※「基数効用論」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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