Kampala - Kampala (English spelling)

The capital of Uganda, in eastern Africa. It is located in the center of the country, near the northern shore of Lake Victoria. Population: 1,154,000 (1999 estimate), 1,650,800 (2019 estimate). Although it is directly on the equator, it is a highland city at an altitude of 1,150 meters, and has a favorable climate with an average annual temperature of 21.7°C. The surrounding area is an agricultural region mainly producing coffee and cotton, and Kampala is the distribution center for these crops. In the 19th century, it was the capital of the Buganda Kingdom, and at that time, the seven hills contained the king's castle, the residences of his retainers, and a marketplace where merchants gathered. During the period of British colonial rule, modern institutions such as administrative and commercial institutions were concentrated, and in 1931, a railway line extended from Mombasa on the east coast of Africa to Kampala. The population is made up of half Ganda people, with the population concentrating from various regions of the country and neighboring countries. In the past, Asians such as Indians and Pakistanis were also engaged in commerce, and in 1969 their numbers reached 32,000, but they were expelled from the country in 1972 under the Amin regime. During this period, the activities of businesses and stores in Kampala were hit hard and declined, but have since been gradually restored. Entebbe International Airport is 40 kilometers south.

[Ken Akasaka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

アフリカ東部、ウガンダの首都。同国の中部、ビクトリア湖の北岸近くに位置する。人口115万4000（1999推計）、165万0800（2019推計）。赤道直下であるが標高1150メートルの高原都市で、年平均気温21.7℃と気候に恵まれている。周辺はコーヒー、綿花を中心とする農業地帯で、カンパラはその集散地である。19世紀にはブガンダ王国の首都で、当時は七つの丘に王の居城や家臣たちの居住地区、商人が集まる市場などがあった。イギリスの植民地統治の時代には、行政、商業などの近代的な機関が集中し、1931年にはアフリカ東海岸のモンバサから延びた鉄道がカンパラに達した。住民構成はガンダ人がなかばを占め、国内の各地方や近隣諸国からの人口が集中している。かつてはインド人やパキスタン人などのアジア人も商業に従事し、1969年には3万2000人に達したが、アミン政権下の72年に国外に追放された。この時期、カンパラの企業や商店の活動は大きな打撃を受け衰退したが、その後すこしずつ復活している。南方40キロメートルにエンテベ国際空港がある。

［赤阪　賢］

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