Kambara Ariake - Kambara Ariake

Poet. Born on March 15, 1875 (although his family register states he was born the following year) at 8 Hayabusa-cho, Kojimachi-ku, Tokyo (now Chiyoda-ku). His real name was Hayao. His father, Chuzo, was a government official from Saga Prefecture, and his biological mother, Tsune, was divorced when he was 8 years old in Ariake, so he grew up with a stepmother. After graduating from Tokyo Prefectural Normal School (now Hibiya High School), he studied English literature at the National English Association in Nishiki-cho, Kanda. In 1898 (Meiji 31), he won first place in a novel contest held by the Yomiuri Shimbun (selected by Ozaki Koyo), but he only wrote two novels and stopped, instead concentrating on writing poetry. In 1902 (Meiji 35), he published his first collection of poems, Kusa Wakaba (Kusa Wakaba) (Shinseisha), and was welcomed into the world as a new poet on a par with Susukida Kyukin. In his second collection of poems, Dokugen Elegy (1902, Shirohatosha), he created a unique style of poetry called "Dokugencho" (Dokugen-cho), which became popular for a time, and his third collection of poems, Shuntori-shu (Spring Bird Collection) (1905, Hongo Shoin), is famous as the first collection of poems in Japan to express a symbolic tendency. In the "Preface" to this collection, he claims that he should innovate the poetic form and express "modern escapism" through the intermingling of various senses, while "relaxing the constraints of the Japanese language". However, Ariake's greatest poetic achievement was his next collection, Ariake-shu (1908, Eifu-sha), which fully displays the world of "sensational synthesis and adjustment" that he himself calls the pinnacle of Japanese symbolic poetry. After this, he retired from the forefront of the poetry world, but he continued to revise and revise his own works throughout his life. Other works include the essay collection "Hiunsho" (1938, Shobutsu Tenbosha), and the autobiographical novel "Yume wa Yobiokosu" (1947, Tokyo Shuppan). He passed away on February 3, 1952.

[Kosuke Shibusawa]

"Kambara Ariake Poetry Collection" (1976, Shichosha)" ▽ "Kambara Ariake Study" by Yano Minehito, revised edition (1959, Tonoshoin)" ▽ "Kambara Ariake Essay" by Matsumura Midori (1965, Meijishoin)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

詩人。明治8年（ただし戸籍上は翌9年）3月15日、東京府麹町(こうじまち)区（現千代田区）隼(はやぶさ)町八番地に生まれる。本名隼雄(はやお)。父忠蔵は佐賀県出身の官吏、生母ツネは有明8歳のときに離別され、継母のもとで育つ。東京府立尋常中学校（現日比谷(ひびや)高等学校）卒業後、神田錦(にしき)町の国民英学会で英文学を学ぶ。1898年（明治31）『読売新聞』の懸賞小説（尾崎紅葉選）に一等当選したが、小説は2作だけでやめ、以後詩作に専念する。1902年（明治35）第一詩集『草わかば』（新声社）を刊行、薄田泣菫(すすきだきゅうきん)と並ぶ新しい詩人として世に迎えられた。第二詩集『独絃(どくげん)哀歌』（1902・白鳩社）では、「独絃調」とよばれる独特の詩律を創始して一時代の流行を生み、また第三詩集『春鳥集』（1905・本郷書院）は、わが国で初めて象徴主義的志向を表明した詩集として有名である。その「自序」では、詩形の革新を図り、「邦語の制約を寛(ひろ)う」しながら、諸官能の交錯を通じて「近代の幽致」を表現すべきことが主張されている。しかし有明の最高の詩的達成は次の『有明集』（1908・易風社）であって、この詩集は、自らいう「感覚の綜合(そうごう)整調」の世界を十全にみせた、わが国象徴詩の一頂点である。これ以後彼は詩壇の第一線から退いてしまったが、生涯自作の改作推敲(すいこう)を続けた。ほかに随筆集『飛雲抄』（1938・書物展望社）、自伝小説『夢は呼び交す』（1947・東京出版）などがある。昭和27年2月3日没。

［渋沢孝輔］

『『蒲原有明詩集』（1976・思潮社）』▽『矢野峰人著『蒲原有明研究』増訂版（1959・刀江書院）』▽『松村緑著『蒲原有明論考』（1965・明治書院）』

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