...Plants overcome this problem by improving water passage through vascular bundles and preventing water leakage by wrapping epidermal tissue with a cuticle, while creating stomata as air holes and regulating water evaporation by opening and closing two guard cells at the edge of the stomata. There may be two to four subsidiary cells around the guard cells, and these cells are sometimes also referred to as stomata (or stomatal apparatus) in a broad sense. The amount of water evaporated from the plant body is about 5% by cuticular evaporation, which does not pass through stomata, while stomata, which account for less than 1% of the plant's surface area, are responsible for 95% of the evaporation. This shows how important the role of stomata is. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention the "stomatal apparatus" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…維管束によって水の通道をよくし,表皮組織をクチクラで包んで水が漏れるのを防ぐ一方で,通気孔としての気孔をつくり,かつ気孔の縁にある2個の孔辺細胞guard cellの開閉によって水の蒸散の調節を行うことで,植物はこの課題を克服している。孔辺細胞の周辺に2~4個の助細胞subsidiary cellのある場合もあり,これらの細胞も含めて広義の気孔(または気孔装置)ということもある。植物体の水の蒸散量は気孔を経ないいわゆるクチクラ蒸散が5%前後であるのに対し,面積では1%にも満たない気孔が95%も関与しているということから,気孔の役割の大きさが理解される。… ※「気孔装置」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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