Parliamentary system

...In the governing system of modern constitutions, the parliament is in a position to represent the people, who are the basis of the legitimacy of the state apparatus, and especially after the establishment of universal suffrage, it plays a more or less central role in the management of national affairs under the pretense of reflecting the will of the people. The term parliamentary system or parliamentary politics is sometimes used broadly to refer to cases in which the parliament holds legislative power (at least a significant part of it) and the power to deliberate on the budget, and sometimes it is used specifically to refer to cases in which the parliament plays a decisive role in determining the existence of executive power under the parliamentary cabinet system. In either case, the term parliamentary politics is often used to focus on the operational aspects of a system in which the parliament plays a more or less central role in national affairs.

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "parliamentary system" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…近代憲法の統治機構において，議会は，国家機構の正当性根拠である国民を代表する地位に立ち，特に普通選挙の確立後は，国民の意思を反映するという建前のもとで，多かれ少なかれ，国政運営の中心的役割を演ずる。議会が立法権(少なくともその重要部分)や予算審議権をにぎっている場合をひろく指して，議会制あるいは議会政治というときと，さらに進んで，議院内閣制の機構によって議会が行政権の存立を左右するまでに決定的なはたらきをする場合を，特にそう呼ぶときがある。いずれにしても，議会政治という言葉は，議会が多かれ少なかれ国政の中心的役割を演ずる制度の，運営面に着目して用いられることが多い。…

※「議会制」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報