Cartwright, T.

Japanese: カートライト,T. - かーとらいと
Cartwright, T.

...That is, in each individual church, in addition to the pastor, a certain number of elders elected by the church members participate in the management, and these churches organize presbyteries in each region, and several local presbyteries form conferences, and above them, a national general assembly is placed. In Scotland, the Church of England became Presbyterian in 1560 due to the religious reform led by J. Knox, but in England at the same time, it only gained a few supporters such as Thomas Cartwright. However, in the 17th century, Presbyterians became the mainstream of Puritans, and after the outbreak of the Puritan Revolution, they further gained influence, and especially under strong pressure from Scotland, the Long Parliament promised the introduction of Presbyterianism to England in the "Solemn League and Covenant" in 1643, and the "Westminster Confession of Faith" was established in 1646.

From [Puritan]

…After the Restoration, the Puritans quickly disintegrated and many were absorbed into the Church of England, but among the non-conformist churches in England today, Presbyterians, Independents (Congregationalists), Baptists, and Quakers are all descended from the Puritans. Puritan thinkers include Thomas Cartwright and Walter Travers in the Elizabethan era, William Parkins and William Ames in the James era, R. Baxter and John Owen in the Republican era, and especially the poet and thinker J. Milton. J. Bunyan represents the Puritan way of life after the Restoration. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Cartwright, T." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…すなわち末端の各個教会においては牧師のほかに教会員から選出された一定数の長老presbyterが運営に参加し,それらの教会が地方ごとに長老会を組織し,さらに数地方の長老会をもって大会がつくられ,その上に全国総会がおかれるという,階層的な教会組織をつくっているのが特徴的である。 スコットランドではJ.ノックスの率いた宗教改革によって,1560年その国教会は長老派教会となったが,同時期のイングランドではカートライトThomas Cartwrightなどの少数の支持者を得たにすぎなかった。しかし17世紀に入りピューリタンの主流を長老派が占めるようになり,ピューリタン革命勃発後はさらに勢力を伸ばし,ことにスコットランドからの強い圧力のもとで,1643年長期議会は〈厳粛な同盟と盟約〉によってイングランドへの長老派教会の導入を約束し,46年〈ウェストミンスター信仰告白〉が定められた。…

【ピューリタン】より

…王政復古後は,ピューリタンは急速に解体してしまい,国教会に吸収された者が多かったが,今日のイギリスの非国教徒教会のうち,長老派,独立派(会衆派),バプティスト,クエーカーなどはいずれもピューリタンの流れをくむものである。 ピューリタンの思想家としては,エリザベス時代のカートライトThomas CartwrightやトラバースWalter Travers,ジェームズ時代のパーキンズWilliam ParkinsやエームズWilliam Ames,共和政時代のR.バクスターやオーエンJohn Owen,とりわけ詩人にして思想家J.ミルトンがあげられる。J.バニヤンは王政復古後のピューリタンの生き方を代表する。…

※「カートライト,T.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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