This formula gives an approximation to the factorial n ! of n when n is a large natural number, and is expressed as: This is an approximation formula assuming n is very large, which means that the ratio of both sides approaches 1 when n →∞, but even when n is small, the accuracy of the approximation is relatively high. If we use the gamma function, n ! = Γ ( n + 1), so the above formula can be given by: It was discovered by the British mathematician J. Stirling. Today, the formula that expresses this remainder term as an asymptotic expansion series of n -1 is also called Stirling's formula. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
自然数 n が大きいときの n の階乗 n! の近似値を与える公式で, と表わされる。これは,n を非常に大きいとしての近似式で,n→∞ のとき両辺の比が1に近づくことを意味するが,n が小さいときでも,近似の精度は比較的高い。ガンマ関数を使えば,n!=Γ(n+1) であるから上の公式は, で与えられる。イギリスの数学者 J.スターリングによって発見された。現在ではこの剰余項を n-1 の漸近展開級数で表現した式をもスターリングの公式と呼ぶ。
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