Born: October 27, 1771 in Rotterdam [Died] August 5, 1834. Dutch politician. Born into an aristocratic family, he studied at the Berlin Military Academy at the age of 10 and served as an aide to a Prussian prince before returning to the Netherlands and becoming a guard officer for Stadtholder William V. He rose to prominence as a leader of the Orangier Party, but when the Stadtholder fled to England in the 1795 Revolution, he resigned from his post and engaged in commercial activities in Amsterdam. When the Netherlands was annexed to France, he advocated the liberation of the Netherlands and the creation of a unified nation by the House of Orangier, and drafted a constitution. In 1814, the Netherlands adopted the constitution he drafted, and in 1815, the Kingdom of the Netherlands (the Netherlands), which was formed by adding Belgium, adopted a new constitution revised under his guidance. He became the leader of the new government, but eventually came into conflict with King William I over economic policy and taxation. He left behind many books and a collection of letters. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1771.10.27. ロッテルダム [没]1834.8.5. オランダの政治家。貴族の子として生れ,10歳でベルリンの陸軍幼年学校に学び,プロシア王子の側近として仕えたのち,オランダに帰って総督ウィレム5世の近衛士官となった。オランニェ党の指導者として頭角を現したが,1795年の革命で総督がイギリスへ亡命すると,官職を辞してアムステルダムで商業活動に従事した。オランダがフランスに合併されると,オランニェ家によるオランダの解放と統一国家の建設を説き,憲法草案を作成した。 1814年オランダは彼の起草した憲法を採択し,15年ベルギーを加えて成立したオランダ (ネーデルラント) 王国は彼の指導で改正された新憲法草案を採択した。彼は新政府の指導者になったが,やがて経済政策や税制をめぐって国王ウィレム1世と対立した。多くの著作および書簡集を残している。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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