False fruit

Japanese: 偽果 - ぎか
False fruit

A pseudocarp is a general term for fruits that include the parts other than the carpel, such as the calyx and flower bed (receptacle), as opposed to a true fruit.

In the Rosaceae family, various pseudofruits are seen, and in genera such as Apple and Pear, a well-developed receptacle surrounds the true fruit. In the Fragaria genus, the receptacle develops into a liquid substance, with a small true fruit embedded in its surface. In the Ficus genus, a jar-shaped receptacle develops, and the fruit is hidden within it.

In the case of the cashew and genus Cashew, the upper part of the pedicel (stalk) swells and becomes fruit-like, with a fruit with a developed ovary attached on top like an appendage. In the case of Lilium longiflorum and Lamium rue L., the ovary wall does not develop and the seeds become large, so the ovary wall breaks and shrinks to attach to the base of the seed, forming a fruit-like seed; this is a true fruit. Also, what are called achenes in Asteraceae plants are persistent calyx tubes that contain fruit, so technically they are not true fruits but false fruits. The pineapple is a compound fruit, but it is a false fruit because it has a particularly developed inflorescence axis rather than an ovary wall.

[Osamu Yoshida]

[Reference] | Fruit
Kenponashi fruit
The drupes are hairless and ripen purple-black. In autumn, the upper part of the flower stalk swells and becomes sweet and edible. ©Shogakukan Photo by Okuyama Hisashi ">

Kenponashi fruit


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

仮果(かか)ともいう。心皮(しんぴ)以外の萼(がく)や花床(かしょう)(花托(かたく))などの部分を含む果実の総称であって、真果(しんか)(真正果実)に対していう。

 バラ科ではいろいろの偽果がみられ、リンゴ属、ナシ属などでは真果の周りを発達した花床が取り囲む。イチゴ属では花床が発達して液質となり、その表面に小さい真果が埋め込まれた形となっている。イチジク属では壺(つぼ)状の花床が発達し、果実はその中に隠れている。

 ケンポナシやカシューノキ属では花柄(かへい)(花梗(かこう))の上部が膨れて果実状となり、その上に子房の発達した果実が付属物のようについている。ヤブランやルイヨウボタンでは子房壁が発達せず種子が大きくなるため、子房壁は破れ、種子の基部に小さく縮んで付着し、種子が果実状になるが、これは真果である。またキク科植物の痩果(そうか)といわれるものは、萼筒(がくとう)が宿存し、中に果実が入っているので、正確には真果ではなく偽果である。パイナップルは複合果であるが、子房壁ではなく、花序の軸がとくに発達したもので偽果である。

[吉田 治]

[参照項目] | 果実
ケンポナシの果実
核果、無毛で紫黒色に熟す。秋に花柄の上部が膨れて肥大し、甘く食用となる©Shogakukan 撮影/おくやまひさし">

ケンポナシの果実


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Giga (English spelling) Caricature and cartoon

>>:  Yihe

Recommend

Actors

… [Around the word "actor"] The concept...

EXAFS - EXAFS

...X-ray fluorescence analysis is the same analyt...

Tengoren - Amagatari no Muraji

…Ancient court song. It originated from a song of...

Micro-burins

...One type is stone tools made using small stone...

Bainite (English spelling)

The structure that appears when steel is quenched ...

Peterborough (English spelling)

A city in central eastern England. It is a unitary...

Ghudamis (English spelling)

...Several oasis routes ran through the Sahara be...

Pyrogallol - Pyrogallol (English spelling)

A polyhydric phenol. It stands for 1,2,3-trihydro...

Katsuyama [village] - Katsuyama

A village in Minamitsuru County in the southeaster...

Bitter Sea

〘Noun〙 (also "kugai") A Buddhist term. A...

Shinmeicho - Shinmeicho

It is also read as "jinmyocho". It is a...

Nukisaki Shrine

Located in Ichinomiya, Tomioka City, Gunma Prefect...

Ukizonae

〘Noun〙 = Ukizei (floating force) ※Bukkyo Zensho (1...

Mao Qiling - Already beautiful

A Chinese scholar from the early Qing Dynasty. Bo...

Kakimochi - Kakimochi

1. Mochi (rice cake) that has been thinly sliced ​...