Dry farming - dry farming

Japanese: 乾地農業 - かんちのうぎょう（英語表記）dry farming

This type of agriculture is practiced in places where precipitation is scarce and irrigation is impossible. It is necessary to use cultivation methods that make effective use of the scarce rainfall. This is an extensive type of field farming that was born out of necessity, in which the land is plowed deeply, the topsoil is broken down into small pieces to allow water to be absorbed, and after rainfall, soil is covered on top to prevent evaporation through capillary action. In America, the land is plowed deeply in the fall, and the soil is plowed again early the following spring before sowing and a thin layer of soil is applied. This method of cultivation is seen in the ancient Mediterranean world, northern China, India, and other places, and is popular in the Great Plains of North America, the Pampas of South America, and Australia. In Japan, straw is laid around field crops during the dry summer season, and this can be considered a type of cultivation.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

降水量が少く，灌漑農業が不可能なところで営まれる農業。少い降雨を有効に利用した耕法を営まなければならない。その必要から生れた粗放的な畑作農耕で，耕地を深く耕し，表土を細かく砕いて水分の吸収をはかり，降雨後その上に土をかぶせて毛管現象による蒸発を防ぐ。アメリカでは秋に深耕し，翌春早く種をまく前に再度耕して土を薄くかぶせる。この耕法は古代地中海世界や中国北部，インドなどにみられ，北アメリカ大陸のグレートプレーンズ，南アメリカのパンパス，オーストラリアなどで盛ん。日本では夏の乾燥期に畑作物の周辺にわらを敷くが，これもその一種といえよう。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Kanchana Mandala - Kanchana Mandala

>>: Land exchange disposal - Kanchishobun