Generally speaking, in contrast to music performed at concerts, this refers to music that is not intended to be listened to with concentration. There are various forms, but they can be broadly divided into BGM (background music) that is used functionally, such as to increase work efficiency or stabilize the mind, and music that advocates the "artification of the environment" and attempts to capture the relationship between sound and the environment in a subjective and creative way. The latter has its origins in the Futurist movement of L. Russolo and E. Satie's Furniture Music series, and is symbolized by J. Cage's 4'33" (1952), which promoted a change in consciousness in which non-musical sounds were reconsidered as music and musical materials. It later developed into M. Schaefer's soundscapes, attempts at sound installations (acoustic devices), and minimal music. B. Eno also presented music that was associated with a certain place as "ambient music." Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
一般に,コンサートで行われる音楽に対し,集中して聴かれることを目的としない音楽をさす。その形態はさまざまであるが,作業効率の上昇や精神の安定など,機能的に使われる BGM (→バックグラウンド・ミュージック ) と,「環境の芸術化」を唱えて音と環境の関係を主体的・創造的にとらえようとする音楽に大別される。後者は L.ルッソロらの未来派や E.サティの『家具の音楽』シリーズを淵源とし,J.ケージの『4分 33秒』 (1952) に象徴される音楽で,非楽音を音楽および音楽の素材ととらえ直す意識の転換を促した。その後,M.シェーファーのサウンドスケープや,サウンド・インスタレーション (音響による装置) の試み,ミニマル・ミュージックなどへと展開している。また B.イーノはある場所と結びついた音楽を『アンビエント・ミュージック (包囲する音楽) 』と名づけて発表した。
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