Gassho-zukuri

A form of Japanese architecture. A triangular sash made by joining two pieces of wood together is called a gassho. In mountain village farmhouses from Takayama City and Shirakawa Village in Gifu Prefecture to Nanto City in Toyama Prefecture, the back of the attic is called "ama" and is used as a silkworm room, with a large gassho roof built into the third or fourth floor. Therefore, the roof is a high gabled roof, and a light-filled paper screen is installed at the gable to let in light, giving it a unique appearance. This type of folk house with a high gassho roof, found in the Hida-Ecchu border area, is collectively called a gassho-zukuri. Hida gassho-zukuri houses are often flat-roofed, while Ecchu gassho-zukuri houses are often gabled, and each village has its own unique floor plan, which is interesting.

[Kudou Yoshiaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

日本建築の形式の一つ。二つの材を三角状にあわせた扠首(さす)を合掌という。岐阜県高山市、白川村から富山県南砺(なんと)市にかけての山村農家では、小屋裏を「あま」とよび、蚕室に利用するため、大きな合掌を入れ3階、4階をつくる。したがって、屋根は高い切妻(きりづま)屋根となり、妻には採光のために明(あかり)障子が入れられ、独特な外観をみせる。飛騨(ひだ)・越中(えっちゅう)の国境(くにざかい)一帯に分布するこの種の高い合掌をもつ民家を合掌造と総称する。飛騨の合掌造は平(ひら)入り、越中の合掌造は妻入りが多く、平面も村ごとにそれぞれ特徴があって興味深い。

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