It is an operation to earn interest by taking advantage of the difference in foreign exchange rates around the world at the same time. For example, if the exchange rate against the United States in Tokyo is 1 dollar = 100 yen and the exchange rate against Japan in New York is 1 dollar = 102 yen, buying dollars in Tokyo and sending them to New York and converting them to yen there will earn an interest rate of 2 yen per dollar (direct foreign exchange arbitrage). Also, if the exchange rate against the United Kingdom in Tokyo is 1 pound = 200 yen, the exchange rate against the United States in London is 1 pound = 2.10 dollars, and the exchange rate against Japan in New York is 1 dollar = 100 yen, sending money from Tokyo to London, from London to New York, and then back to Tokyo will earn an interest rate of 10 yen per 200 yen (indirect foreign exchange arbitrage). This type of foreign exchange arbitrage has the effect of eliminating regional imbalances in foreign exchange rates. In the example of direct foreign exchange arbitrage mentioned above, dollars are bought in Tokyo, so the dollar rate rises, and dollars are sold in New York, so the rate falls, and the two are in equilibrium. [Tsuchiya Rokuro] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
同一時点における世界各地の外国為替相場の差異を利用して利鞘(りざや)を稼ぐ操作をいう。たとえば、東京の対米相場が1ドル=100円、ニューヨークの対日相場が1ドル=102円であると、東京でドルを買ってニューヨークへ送金し、そこで円にかえれば1ドルにつき2円の利鞘が稼げる(直接為替裁定)。また東京の対英相場が1ポンド=200円、ロンドンの対米相場が1ポンド=2.10ドル、ニューヨークの対日相場が1ドル=100円であれば、東京からロンドンへ送金し、ロンドンからニューヨーク、そしてさらに東京へ送金すると、200円で10円の利鞘を稼ぐことができる(間接為替裁定)。このような為替裁定は、外国為替相場の地域的不均衡を解消させる作用をもつ。前述の直接為替裁定の例でいえば、東京ではドルが買われるのでドル相場が上昇し、ニューヨークではドルが売られるので相場が下落し、両者が均衡することになる。 [土屋六郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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