Wolof; Ouolof

Japanese: ウォロフ族 - ウォロフぞく（英語表記）Wolof; Ouolof

An ethnic group living in West Africa from western Senegal to Gambia. The population is estimated at about 3.5 million. They mainly practice shifting cultivation, cultivating millet, millet, and corn, but in recent years, groundnuts have become important as a cash crop. In coastal areas, they practice fishing, and are also active in weaving, leather, basketry, and metalwork. Traditionally, they formed a hierarchical society with seven fixed classes inherited patrilineally, and were divided into several countries ruled by a supreme chief. Traditionally, they were of double unilineal descent, but after Islamization in the 18th century, patrilineal tendencies became stronger. The basic unit of political organization is the village, which is made up of a multifamily, and its chief. Recently, many of them live in cities. Their language belongs to the Atlantic coastal languages of the Niger-Congo family, and is used as a common commercial language in the surrounding trading cities.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

西アフリカのセネガル西部からガンビアにかけて居住する民族。人口約 350万と推定される。移動耕作を主生業とし，しこくびえ，きび，とうもろこしなどを栽培するが，換金作物として落花生が近年重視されている。海岸地方では漁業を行い，織布，皮革業，籠細工，金工なども盛んである。伝統的に，父系的に継承される固定的な7つの階層から成る階層社会を形成し，最高首長が統治するいくつかの国々に分立した。出自は，伝統的には二重単系制をとるが，18世紀のイスラム化後は父系的傾向が強まった。政治組織は，複合家族から成る村，およびその首長が基礎単位となる。最近では都市に住む者も少くない。言語は，ニジェール＝コンゴ語派の大西洋岸諸語に属し，商業上の共通語として，周辺の交易都市でも用いられている。

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