Kasumigaseki Building - Kasumigaseki

Japanese: 霞が関ビル - かすみがせきびる

…After the war, the company changed its name to Kajima Construction Co., Ltd. in 1947 and established itself as a major company through proactive management and technological development. In 1968, it completed the Kasumigaseki Building (36 stories), setting a precedent for skyscraper construction. Thanks in part to the management skills of its fourth-generation president, Morinosuke Kajima, the company achieved the highest sales figures in the industry from this time until 1982. …

From [Modern Architecture]

…Fourthly, avant-garde architects began to explore the postmodern era, but the sense of solidarity that existed in the early modern era was lost, and each pursued their own ideals and methods. Representative architecture from the postwar period up until the 1960s includes the Museum of Modern Art, Kanagawa (1951, Junzo Sakakura), the Tokyo branch of Reader's Digest (1951, Raymond), the Kagawa Prefectural Office (1958, Takamatsu, Kenzo Tange), the Tokyo Bunka Kaikan (1961, Kunio Maekawa), the National Gymnasium (1964, Kenzo Tange), the National Kyoto International Conference Hall (1966, Yukio Otani), and the Kasumigaseki Building (1968, Juro Yamashita Design Office).
[Japanese tradition and modern architecture]
Modern architecture in Europe did not develop on the basis of the continuation of tradition up until the 19th century, but rather advocated a conscious break with it.

From [Office Architecture]

…Following the American trend, large office buildings were constructed in big cities such as Tokyo and Osaka in Japan. However, because the Building Standards Act limited the building height (absolute height) to 31m, many buildings were built to the fullest extent of the site in pursuit of investment efficiency alone. However, the chaos and deterioration of the urban environment caused by the disorderly development of big cities led to a trend toward taller buildings. After legal arrangements such as the abolition of absolute height and the establishment of a specific block system were made between 1961 and 1963, the first skyscraper office building in Japan, the Kasumigaseki Building (1968, 147m), was built. With its rational office space and high safety in terms of structure and disaster prevention plans, the Kasumigaseki Building became the starting point for a series of skyscrapers, including the Shinjuku Mitsui Building (1974, 210m), which was later built in the Shinjuku subcenter. …

From [Skyscraper]

...With legal provisions in place, domestic production of large H-shaped steel beams began in 1961, and the development of high-speed elevators had also entered the practical stage. Against this background, Japan's first skyscraper, the Kasumigaseki Building (36 stories, 147 meters), was completed in 1968. Since then, the Keio Plaza Hotel (1971, 47 stories), the Shinjuku Sumitomo Building (53 stories) and the Shinjuku Mitsui Building (55 stories) were built in the Shinjuku subcenter by 1974.

From the Real Estate Industry

…Condominiums first appeared as luxury housing in urban areas, but their diverse location and mass construction allowed for a wide range of price settings, and they became popular as urban housing. Meanwhile, with the completion of Japan's first skyscraper, the Kasumigaseki Building, by Mitsui Fudosan in 1968, major private real estate companies began building skyscrapers, and the major companies gradually shifted from traditional building rental businesses to developers promoting urban redevelopment. However, in the late 1960s, with the dollar shock of 1971 and the subsequent monetary easing, and the land boom stimulated by the "Japan Archipelago Remodeling Theory," real estate agents of all sizes rushed to buy land, causing land prices to soar and bringing about inflation. …

From Mitsui Fudosan Co., Ltd.

…The other is the housing business, which began in the 1960s and expanded throughout the country. In 1968, the company built Japan's first skyscraper, the Kasumigaseki Building, as a rental property, and has been actively expanding its business in the rental property sector ever since. In 1981, the company opened Japan's largest shopping complex, LaLaport, in Chiba Prefecture, and in 1983, it opened Tokyo Disneyland, of which it is a major shareholder, and has been actively involved in new businesses. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "Kasumigaseki Building" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…戦後は，47年に社名を鹿島建設(株)に改めるとともに，積極的な経営と技術開発力によって大手の地位を確実なものとした。68年には，霞が関ビル(36階)を完成させ，超高層ビル建設の先鞭をつけた。4代目社長鹿島守之助の経営手腕もあって，このころ以降82年まで業界首位の売上高を実現した。…

【近代建築】より

…第4に，前衛的建築家は近代後(ポスト･モダン)を模索し始めるが，近代初期のような連帯感は失われており，それぞれが個別に理想と方法を追求した。戦後60年代までの代表的な建築として，神奈川県立近代美術館(1951，坂倉準三)，リーダーズ･ダイジェスト東京支社(1951，レーモンド)，香川県庁舎(1958，高松，丹下健三)，東京文化会館(1961，前川国男)，国立屋内総合競技場(1964，丹下健三)，国立京都国際会館(1966，大谷幸夫)，霞が関ビル(1968，山下寿郎設計事務所)などが挙げられよう。
［日本的伝統と近代建築］
　ヨーロッパにおける近代建築は，19世紀までの伝統の継承の上に展開したのではなく，むしろそれからの意識的な断絶を標榜しつつ成立した。…

【事務所建築】より

…日本においてもアメリカの流れを受けて東京や大阪といった大都市に大型の事務所建築が建設されていったが，建築基準法によって建物の高さ(絶対高さ)が31mに制限されていたため，いたずらに投資効率のみを求めて敷地いっぱいに建てる建物が多かった。しかし，大都市の無秩序な発展による都市環境の混乱と悪化は，建物の高層化の気運をもたらして，1961‐63年にかけて絶対高さの撤廃，特定街区制度の新設などの法的整備が行われた後，日本最初の超高層事務所建築である霞が関ビル(1968,147m)が誕生した。合理的な事務室空間をもつ，構造的にも防災計画上も安全性の高い霞が関ビルは，その後新宿副都心に建設された新宿三井ビル(1974,210m)をはじめとする一連の超高層建築群の出発点となった。…

【超高層建築】より

…法的整備が整う中で，1961年には大型H形鋼の国内生産が開始され，また高速エレベーターの開発も実用段階に入っていた。このような背景のもと，68年，日本最初の超高層建築である霞が関ビル(36階，147m)が完成，これ以降，京王プラザホテル(1971。47階)をはじめ，74年までに新宿住友ビル(53階)，新宿三井ビル(55階)が新宿副都心に建設された。…

【不動産業】より

…マンションは当初都心の高級住宅として登場したが，その多様な立地展開と大量建設によって多様な価格設定が可能になり，都市住宅として普及していった。一方，1968年の三井不動産による日本初の超高層ビル〈霞が関ビル〉の完成を皮切りに，大手民間不動産会社による超高層ビルの建設が始まり，大手は従来のビル賃貸業から都市再開発を推進するデベロッパーへの転身が進んでいった。　しかし昭和40年代後半になると，1971年のドル･ショックとこれに続く金融緩和，〈日本列島改造論〉によって刺激された土地ブームのもとで，大小を問わず不動産業者は土地買いに殺到し，土地価格は暴騰してインフレ状態がもたらされた。…

【三井不動産[株]】より

…もう一つは昭和40年代から全国各地で展開された住宅事業である。さらに68年には日本初の超高層ビル霞が関ビルを賃貸ビルとして建築，以後賃貸ビル部門でも積極的な事業展開をはかった。その後，81年に日本最大の複合ショッピング･センター〈ららぽーと〉を千葉県に開設，83年にはみずから大株主の東京ディズニーランドを開設するなど，新規事業に積極的に取り組んでいる。…

※「霞が関ビル」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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