... "Color films" made by dyeing or toning methods are films that are artificially colored with any color, while "true color films" optically reproduce natural colors on film, which is what we call "color films" today. There are two types of true color reproduction systems: additive and subtractive. The first practical and commercially successful additive process was Kinemacolor, patented in England by GA Smith in 1906 and used by the Natural Color Kinematograph Company, founded by Smith and C. Urban, to produce the first color film, "The Audience Hall at Derry" (1911). Kinemacolor is a two-color additive process that uses black-and-white film and color filters, and is shot and projected at 32 frames per second, twice the normal speed, which causes eye fatigue, quick wear of the film, and color shifts. ... From [Color Photograph]...The three primary colors theory states that various colors can be reproduced by mixing the three colors of red, green, and blue obtained by dividing the wavelength range of visible light (about 400 to 700 nm) into three equal parts in appropriate proportions. Depending on the method of mixing, the three primary colors theory is classified into additive color mixing, which mixes red, green, and blue light themselves, and subtractive color mixing, which mixes the complementary colors of cyan (blue-green), magenta (reddish purple), and yellow (yellow) pigments. Additive color photography was first photographically demonstrated by JC Maxwell of England (1861), and first the subject is separated into three colors using color filters or a mosaic screen, etc. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "additive color method" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 染色法や調色法による〈彩色映画〉は,フィルムに任意の色を人工的に着色したものであり,自然の色彩をフィルムに光学的に再現した〈天然色映画〉が,現在の〈カラー映画〉である。天然色再現法true‐color‐reproduction systemには,〈加色法additive process〉と〈減色法subtractive process〉があり,実際的で商業的に成功した最初の加色法は,G.A.スミスが1906年にイギリスで特許をとり,スミスとC.アーバンが設立したナチュラル・カラー・キネマトグラフ社を通じて活用した〈キネマカラー〉で,最初のカラー映画《デリーの謁見所》(1911)が作られた。〈キネマカラー〉は,白黒フィルムとカラーフィルターを使う2色加色法で,ふつうの速度の2倍,1秒に32コマの速度で撮影,映写され,目が疲労し,フィルムの損耗がはやく,色がずれるなどの欠点があった。… 【カラー写真】より…三原色説は,可視光の波長領域(約400~700nm)をだいたい3等分して得られる赤・緑・青色の3色光を適当な割合で混合すれば,さまざまな色を再現できるというものである。三原色法はその混色方法により,赤・緑・青色光そのものを混合する加色(加法混色)法と,それらの色の補色であるシアン(青緑色),マゼンタ(赤紫色),イェロー(黄色)の色素を混合する減色(減法混色)法とに分類される。 加色法カラー写真はイギリスのJ.C.マクスウェルが初めて写真的に実証した方式(1861)で,まず色フィルター,あるいはモザイクスクリーンなどを用いて,被写体を3色分解して撮影する。… ※「加色法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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