Cake-urchin - Cake-urchin (English name)

Japanese: カシパンウニ - かしぱんうに(英語表記)cake-urchin
Cake-urchin - Cake-urchin (English name)

A general term for marine animals belonging to the phylum Echinodermata, class Echinoidea, order Octopus. This is a group of unusual sea urchins shaped like biscuits, coins, or discs. The surface of their bodies is covered with short spines less than 1 millimeter long, and the upper surface of their shells has a large five-petal flower pattern. There are species in reddish brown, brown, pale pink, dark gray, and deep purple, and many turn green when damaged. The mouth is in the center of the underside, and the anus is on the underside or on the edge of the shell. At first glance, they appear to have no front or back, but when they move, they move forward with their anus in the posterior position. They live by burrowing shallowly into the mud and sand, and feed on decaying matter in the mud and sand. The flower-like areas are where they breathe. Some have keyhole-like openwork holes in their shells, and some have deeply cut edges. The inside of the shell has many stalactite-like supports, making the entire shell strong. The inside of the mouth also has maple leaf-shaped calcareous mouthparts. The shell is sometimes bleached white and used as an ornament. Common species found along the coasts of Japan include the Astriclypeus manni and the Lotus scaphechinus. The Astriclypeus manni is found in shallow waters south of central Honshu and is a large species with a diameter of about 12 centimeters. The Lotus scaphechinus mirabilis is found along the coasts of Japan and is 6 to 7 centimeters in diameter.

[Michio Shigei]

Scarlet Scarlet (Ecology)
Sea Urchins, Ectococcidae, © Underwater Fort Enterprises, Isamu Soyama ">

Scarlet Scarlet (Ecology)

Lotus leaf crab (ecology)
The underside has markings reminiscent of lotus leaves.

Lotus leaf crab (ecology)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

棘皮(きょくひ)動物門ウニ綱タコノマクラ目に属する海産動物の総称。ビスケット、硬貨、あるいは円盤のような形をした変わったウニのグループである。体表は1ミリメートルに満たないほどの短い棘(とげ)で一面に覆われ、殻上面に大きな5弁の花紋がある。赤褐色、褐色、淡紅色、暗灰色、濃紫色などの種があり、傷つくと緑色を帯びるものが多い。口は下面の中心に、肛門(こうもん)は下面、または殻の縁にある。一見、前後の向きがないようにみえるが、動くときには肛門を後位にして前進する。砂泥に浅く潜って生活し、砂泥中の腐食物を餌(えさ)とする。花紋状にみえる所は呼吸をする部分である。殻に鍵穴(かぎあな)のような透かし穴が開いたものや、殻の縁が深く切れ込んだものもある。殻の内部には鍾乳石(しょうにゅうせき)のような支柱がたくさんあって、殻全体がじょうぶになっている。また、口の内側部分にはもみじ葉形の石灰質の口器がある。殻を白くさらして飾り物にすることもある。日本の沿岸に普通にみられるものに、スカシカシパンやハスノハカシパンなどがある。スカシカシパンAstriclypeus manniは、本州中部以南の浅海に分布し、直径約12センチメートルの大形種。ハスノハカシパンScaphechinus mirabilisは、日本各地の沿岸に分布し、直径6~7センチメートル。

[重井陸夫]

スカシカシパン(生態)
ウニ綱スカシカシパン科©水中フォート・エンタープライズ 楚山いさむ">

スカシカシパン(生態)

ハスノハカシパン(生態)
下面にハスの葉を思わす斑紋がある。ウニ綱ハスノハカシパン科©水中フォート・エンタープライズ 楚山いさむ">

ハスノハカシパン(生態)


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