Hyperacidity - Hyperacidity

Japanese: 過酸症 - かさんしょう
Hyperacidity - Hyperacidity

In the past, acid concentration was used as an index to clinically express gastric acid secretion function, and a state of increased acid secretion with a so-called free acidity of 40 or more was called hyperacidity or hyperacidity, but when the maximum stimulation test was established as the standard gastric juice testing method, the amount of acid secretion came to be used primarily to express gastric acid secretion function, and hyperacidity became established as the clinical term instead of hyperacidity. However, in reality, the free acidity itself, which was the basis for the definition of hyperacidity, has already become a thing of the past, and has been replaced by the amount of alkali (mEq) required for titration with a target pH of 7.0, i.e. titratable acidity, but the term hyperacidity is still used clinically, and in that case it can be considered to be used to mean increased gastric acid secretion.

Gastric acid secretion function is generally affected by many factors such as sex, age, and condition of the gastric mucosa, and there is a large degree of variation between individuals, but in determining whether gastric acid secretion is increased, the gastric acid secretion function of endoscopically normal gastric mucosa cases compiled nationwide by the Gastric Juice Measurement Method Review Committee of the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology can be used as a reference. In other words, if the basal acid secretion (BAO) one hour before the administration of a stimulant exceeds 7mEq/hr for men and 4mEq/hr for women, and the maximum acid secretion (MAO) one hour after the administration of the maximum stimulant exceeds 20mEq/hr for men and 15mEq/hr for women, it can be determined that there is increased acid secretion.

Peptic ulcers (gastric and duodenal ulcers) are known as diseases that cause increased gastric acid secretion, but in reality it varies depending on the site of the ulcer; in duodenal ulcers, increased gastric acid secretion is seen, but in gastric ulcers, it may actually be decreased. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, a combination of peptic ulcers and pancreatic islet tumors, is well known for causing severe increased gastric acid secretion.

[Akira Ishimori]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

臨床的に胃酸分泌機能を表現するのに、以前には酸濃度を指標として用い、いわゆる遊離酸度が40以上の酸分泌亢進(こうしん)状態を過酸症あるいは胃酸過多症とよんでいたが、標準的胃液検査法として最高刺激試験が確立されると、胃酸分泌機能の表現には主として酸分泌量が用いられるようになり、過酸症にかわって酸分泌亢進が臨床用語として定着した。しかし実際には、過酸症の定義の基礎となった遊離酸度自体がすでに過去のものになってしまい、pH7.0を目標にして滴定に要したアルカリ量(mEq)すなわち滴定酸度にとってかわられた今日においても、臨床上、過酸症という用語が使われており、その場合には胃酸分泌亢進の意味において使用されていると考えてよい。

 胃酸分泌機能は一般に、性、年齢、胃粘膜の状態など多数の要因によって影響を受け、個人間の変動が大きいが、胃酸分泌亢進の判定にあたっては、日本消化器病学会の胃液測定法検討委員会で全国集計した内視鏡的正常胃粘膜症例の胃酸分泌機能が参考になる。すなわち、刺激剤投与前1時間の基礎酸分泌量(BAO)では男性7mEq/hr、女性4mEq/hr、および最高刺激投与後1時間の最高酸分泌量(MAO)では男性20mEq/hr、女性15mEq/hrを超えた場合に、酸分泌亢進と判定して差し支えない。

 胃酸分泌亢進をきたす疾患として消化性潰瘍(かいよう)(胃・十二指腸潰瘍)が知られているが、実際には潰瘍の発生部位によって異なり、十二指腸潰瘍では胃酸分泌亢進がみられるが、胃潰瘍ではむしろ低下していることもある。消化性潰瘍に膵臓(すいぞう)のランゲルハンス島腫瘍(しゅよう)が合併したゾリンジャー‐エリソンZollinger-Ellison症候群は、高度の胃酸分泌亢進をきたすことで有名である。

[石森 章]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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