An evergreen shrub or small tree of the Ericaceae family (APG classification: Ericaceae). The leaves are alternate, oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, 5-10 cm long, pointed at both ends, and have no sawtooth edges. The leaves are thick and leathery, similar to those of rhododendrons, and are called American rhododendrons. Around May, large corymbs grow at the tops of the branches, and pale pink flowers, 1.5-2 cm in diameter, resemble parasols, so they are also called flowering rhododendrons. The corolla is shallowly divided into five lobes with purple spots on the inside, and there are 10 stamens. The fruit is a small, sticky, spherical capsule with many seeds. Native to eastern North America, it grows in partial shade or sunny locations, but prefers moist, fertile soil, so avoid dry areas and use it as a garden tree or potted plant. It is propagated by seed, layering, or grafting. Horticultural varieties include Osbo Red, which has flowers that are red on the outside and pale pink on the inside, and Clementine Churchill, which appeared recently and has deep pink flowers. There are seven species in the Kalmia genus, and in Japan, the long-leaved Kalmia ( K. angustifolia L.) is rarely cultivated. [Yoshio Kobayashi April 16, 2021] Around May, large corymbs grow at the top of the branches, and pale pink, cup-shaped flowers bloom. The corolla is shallowly divided into five lobes, and has purple spots on the inside. Also known as American Rhododendron. ©Shogakukan Photo by Masatoshi Hirose "> Kalmia Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ツツジ科(APG分類:ツツジ科)の常緑低木または小高木。葉は互生し、長楕円(ちょうだえん)形ないし楕円状披針形、長さ5~10センチメートルで両端がとがり、縁(へり)に鋸歯(きょし)がない。葉は厚い革質でシャクナゲの葉に似ており、アメリカシャクナゲといわれる。5月ごろ、枝頂に大きな散房花序をつけ、絵日傘のような杯(さかずき)状をした径1.5~2センチメートルの淡白紅色の花を開くので、ハナガサシャクナゲともよばれる。花冠は浅く5裂して内面に紫斑(しはん)があり、雄しべは10本ある。果実は粘毛のある小球形の蒴果(さくか)で、多数の種子がある。北アメリカ東部原産で、半日陰でも日当りのよい場所でも育つが、適湿な肥沃(ひよく)地を好むので乾燥地は避け、庭木、鉢植えにする。繁殖は実生(みしょう)、取木、接木(つぎき)による。園芸品種に花の外側が赤く内側が淡紅色のオスボレッド、近年現れた花が濃桃色のクレメンタイン・チャーチルなどがある。カルミア属には7種あり、日本ではこのほかナガバカルミア(ホソバカルミア)K. angustifolia L.がまれに栽培される。 [小林義雄 2021年4月16日] 5月ごろ、枝頂に大きな散房花序をつけ、杯状の淡白紅色花を開く。花冠は浅く5裂し、内面に紫斑がある。別名アメリカシャクナゲ©Shogakukan 撮影/広瀬雅敏"> カルミア 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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