Parish church - kyoukukyoukaido

…A parish is the pastoral area of ​​a parish priest called a rector. In rural areas, it is usually a village, and in urban areas, a city is made up of several or several dozen parishes depending on its size. In the center of a parish, that is, in the center of a settlement, there is a church site including a cemetery, and a parish church where worship is held and a rectory are built. Originally in the Middle Ages, tithes were levied to cover the maintenance and upkeep of the sanctuary in the parish, the salary of the parish priest, and charity for the poor. In the early modern period, parish taxes were levied on parishioners to cover the maintenance and upkeep of the nave where the pews are located, the procurement of supplies necessary for worship, and the salaries of church officials. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "parish churches" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…教区とは，レクターrectorと呼ばれる教区司祭の司牧する領域で，通常農村部では一つの村落であり，都市部では一つの都市がその規模に応じて数教区ないし数十教区から構成されている。教区の中心，すなわち集落の中央に，墓地を含む教会用地があり，礼拝の行われる教区教会堂parish churchと牧師館rectoryとが建てられている。本来中世において，会堂内の祭壇の置かれた内陣の維持管理費，教区司祭の給与，貧民への施しのために十分の一税が課せられ，やがて近世にはいると，会堂の会衆席のある身廊の維持管理費，礼拝に必要な物資の調達，教会役員の給与のために，教区民に教区税が課せられた。…

※「教区教会堂」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報