...In snakes, keratinization occurs at regular intervals, and the old stratum corneum is periodically shed. The stratum corneum forms horny scales in reptiles, but parts of it change into feathers in birds and hair in mammals, and also differentiate into claws, hooves, beaks, and rhinoceros horns, which are collectively called the keratin organ. The epidermis of mammals (Figure 4) consists of four layers: the germinal layer, the granular layer, the lucid layer, and the stratum corneum. Cell division occurs actively in the germinal layer, and as keratinization progresses, it moves to the surface, and completely keratinized dead cells are gradually peeled off from the surface. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to the "keratinocyte" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ヘビ類では,角質化が一定間隔で起こることにより,古い角質層が周期的に脱皮される。角質層は,爬虫類などでは角鱗を形成するが,その一部が鳥類では羽毛に,哺乳類では毛に変化し,また,つめやひづめ,くちばし,サイの角などに分化し,これらは角質器と総称される。 哺乳類の表皮は(図4),胚芽層,顆粒(かりゆう)層,透明層,角質層の4層からなり,胚芽層で盛んに細胞分裂が起こり,角質化の進行に伴って表層に移動し,完全に角質化した死んだ細胞は表面から続々と剝離していく。… ※「角質器」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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