Minister of State - Kakugaisho

…They can be classified into the Prime Minister, the Departmental Ministers who head each department, the Non-Departmental Ministers who hold traditional positions such as the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal and the President of the Privy Council, the Lord Chancellor who is responsible for the judiciary, and other ministers of state and parliamentary undersecretaries who assist the Departmental Ministers. Of these, the Prime Minister, Departmental Ministers, Non-Departmental Ministers, and the Lord Chancellor usually form the Cabinet, and these positions are collectively called Cabinet Ministers, and the others are called Non-Cabinet Ministers. In the United States, which has a presidential system, the establishment of a Cabinet is not legally required. …

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "Minister of State" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…首相，各省の長たる省大臣Departmental Ministers，国璽尚書や枢密院議長のような伝統的な職に就く非省大臣Non‐Departmental Ministers，司法の責任者たる大法官Lord Chancellorその他，省大臣を補佐する担当大臣Minister of Stateや政務次官などに分類できる。このうち首相，省大臣，非省大臣，大法官によって通常は内閣が構成され，これらの職を総称して閣内相，他を閣外相と呼ぶ。大統領制を採るアメリカでは内閣の設置は法定されていない。…

※「閣外相」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報