Carnitine

( R )-3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate _{. C7H15NO3} (161.20). Also known as vitamin B _T. One of _the beta-hydroxy-gamma-betaines. It is present in almost all living organisms and tissues, but in animals it is present in high concentrations in the epididymis. Epichlorohydrin is reacted with potassium cyanide and triethylamine in succession to produce carnitine nitrile, which is then hydrolyzed and optically resolved. It is highly hygroscopic. Decomposition point 196-198°C. -31.3° (water). It functions as a carrier for acyl group transfer in the inner mitochondrial membrane, enabling the beta-oxidation of the acyl-CoA of the generated long-chain fatty acid in the matrix. The hydrochloride salt is used as a treatment for impaired digestive function. _LD50 6690 mg/kg (male mouse, oral). [CAS 541-15-1]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

(R)-3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate．C₇H₁₅NO₃(161.20)．ビタミン B_T ともいう．β-ヒドロキシ-γ-ベタインの一つ．ほとんどすべての生物，各組織に存在するが，動物では副睾丸に高濃度に存在する．エピクロロヒドリンにシアン化カリウム，トリエチルアミンを順次反応させカルニチンニトリルとし，加水分解後光学分割する．吸湿性が大きい．分解点196～198 ℃．－31.3°(水)．ミトコンドリア内膜でアシル基転移の担体として機能し，生成した長鎖脂肪酸のアシルCoAのマトリックス内におけるβ-酸化を可能にする．塩酸塩は消化機能低下の治療薬に使われる．LD₅₀ 6690 mg/kg(雄マウス，経口)．[CAS 541-15-1]

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