Garnier, Tony

Japanese: ガルニエ(英語表記)Garnier, Tony
Garnier, Tony
Born: August 13, 1869 in Lyon
[Died] January 19, 1948. Roquefort Labedre French architect and urban planner. One of the pioneers of modern architecture. While studying in Rome in 1898, he designed a plan for an "Industrial City", which won the Prix de Rome in 1899 and earned him immortality. This plan was not only excellent as an urban plan, but also one step ahead of its time, as the individual buildings in the plan used reinforced concrete, a completely new material at the time, and already had ideas for pilotis and cantilever structures. This plan was published in 1917. Returning to Lyon in 1904, with the support of the city's mayor, E. Herriot, he devoted his life to the construction of the city of Lyon, building the municipal dairy (1904-05), the slaughterhouse (1909-13), the stadium (1913-18), the Grande Blanche hospital with 22 wards (1911-27), and the city hall of Boulogne-Billancourt near Paris (1931-34).

Garnier
Garnier, Robert

[Born] 1545. Laferte Bernard
Died: September 20, 1590. Le Mans. French playwright. A representative Renaissance playwright who established the style of classical tragedy by making full use of powerful verses. He studied law in Toulouse and wrote poetry while at the same time. In 1567, he was appointed as a lawyer at the Paris High Court, and returned home the following year. By 1583, he had published seven plays, depicting discord and disaster, and attempting to lead France, devastated by the religious wars, to respect and cooperation with the monarchy. Although his dramaturgy is not precise and the plot is not smooth, his dialogue is rich in expression. His main works are Porcie (1568), Antigone (Antigone ou le pitié) (80), Bradamante (82), and Les Juives (Les Juives) (83).

Garnier
Garnier, Marie Joseph François

Born July 25, 1839 in Saint-Étienne, Loire
Died: December 21, 1873, Hanoi. French naval officer and explorer. Served as a soldier during the Sino-French War, then joined Lagrée's expedition, traveling up the Mekong River and exploring various places. From 1866 to 1868, he entered the Yunnan region of China from the upper reaches of the Mekong River, surveyed the actual conditions in the region, and then traveled via the Yangtze River to Shanghai before returning to Saigon. This expedition was a difficult one that lasted for two years, but it produced many results, and the record of the expedition was published in 1873 as a report titled Voyage d'exploration en Indochine. He died in a battle with the Black Flag Army, a remnant of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, in 1873.

Garnier
Garnier, Charles

Born: November 6, 1825 in Paris
[Died] August 3, 1898. French architect in Paris. Son of a wheelwright, he entered the École des Beaux-Arts in 1842, won the Prix de Rome in 1848, and studied in Rome, Turkey, and Greece for five years. In 1860-61, he won the competition to design the new Paris Opera. His style was extravagant and splendid, reflecting the trends of the Second Empire. Other works included the Casino of Monte Carlo (1878-81) and Villa Bordighera (72). His books include "Etude sur le Théâtre" (71) and "Le Nouvel Opéra de Paris" (76-81).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1869.8.13. リヨン
[没]1948.1.19. ロックフォールラベドル
フランスの建築家,都市計画家。近代建築の先駆者の一人。ローマ留学中の 1898年に設計した「工業都市」計画案が 1899年にローマ大賞を受賞,不朽の名声を得た。これは都市計画としても優れているが,そのなかの個々の建築物の設計において,当時まったく新しい素材であった鉄筋コンクリートを使用し,すでにピロティ形式やカンチレバー (片もち梁) 構造が構想されているなど,時代に一歩先んじた計画案であった。この計画案は,1917年に出版された。 1904年リヨン市に帰ると,市長の E.エリオの支援を受けて,リヨン市建設の仕事に生涯を捧げ,市立酪農場 (1904~05) ,食肉加工場 (1909~13) ,スタジアム (1913~18) ,22の病棟をもつグランジュブランシュ病院 (1911~27) などを建設したほか,パリ近郊のブーローニュビヤンクールの市庁舎 (1931~34) を建てた。

ガルニエ
Garnier, Robert

[生]1545. ラフェルテベルナール
[没]1590.9.20. ルマン
フランスの劇作家。力強い詩句を駆使して古典悲劇の様式を確立したルネサンス期の代表的劇作家。ツールーズで法律を修めるかたわら詩作も行なった。 1567年パリ高等法院の弁護士に赴任,翌年帰郷。 83年までに7つの戯曲を発表,不和と災害を描き,宗教戦争によって荒廃したフランスを君主政治への尊敬と協調に導こうとした。作劇法の精緻さ,筋の運びの円滑さに欠ける点もあるが,会話は表現に富む。おもな作品『ポルシー』 Porcie (1568) ,『アンチゴネ』 Antigone ou le pitié (80) ,『ブラダマント』 Bradamante (82) ,『ユダヤの女たち』 Les Juives (83) 。

ガルニエ
Garnier, Marie Joseph François

[生]1839.7.25. ロアール,サンテティエンヌ
[没]1873.12.21. ハノイ
フランスの海軍士官,探検家。清仏戦争の際,軍人として出征,その後ラグレの探検隊に参加して,メコン川に沿ってさかのぼり,各地を探検した。 1866~68年メコン川の上流から中国の雲南地方に入り,この地方の実情を調査し,さらに揚子江を経て上海に出たあと,サイゴンに戻った。この探検は前後2年にわたる困難なものであったが,多くの成果を得,そのときの記録は 73年に『インドシナ探検旅行』 Voyage d'exploration en Indochineという報告書で刊行されている。 73年太平天国の残党である黒旗軍との戦闘で死亡。

ガルニエ
Garnier, Charles

[生]1825.11.6. パリ
[没]1898.8.3. パリ
フランスの建築家。車大工の子で,1842年エコール・デ・ボザールに入学,48年ローマ大賞を獲得,その後5年間ローマ,トルコ,ギリシアで研究。 60~61年の新しいパリのオペラ座の競技設計に優勝。その作風は第二帝政時代の風潮を反映して,豪奢できらびやかである。その他の作品にモンテカルロのカジノ (1878~81) ,ボルディゲラのビラ (72) など。また著書に,"Etude sur le Théâtre" (71) ,"Le Nouvel Opéra de Paris" (76~81) がある。

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