A construction machine used for leveling airfields and squares, building roads, repairing gravel roads, and removing snow. It is said to have first been used in America in 1878 with a steel plate attached to the underside of a wooden horse-drawn carriage, and from around 1931 it began to be powered by a diesel engine. The blade (work plate) between the front and rear wheels moves up, down, left and right to scrape and level roads. There are two types: a self-propelled type (called a motor grader) that runs on an engine, and a towed type that is pulled by a tractor. In Japan, it is often used to repair gravel roads. It is classified into large, medium and small types depending on the size of the blade. It is also used for removing snow from roads by attaching a snow removal device. [Hidetaro Nakayama] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
飛行場や広場の整地、道路建設、砂利道の補修、除雪作業などに使用される建設機械。1878年アメリカで木製馬車の下側に鋼板を取り付けて使用されたのが初めといわれ、1931年ごろからディーゼルエンジンで動かすようになった。前後輪の中間にあるブレードblade(作業板)を上下左右に動かして道路を削ったり、整地する。エンジンで動く自走式(モーターグレーダーという)と、トラクターによって引っ張られる牽引(けんいん)式の2種がある。日本では砂利道の補修に多く使用される。ブレードの大きさにより大型、中型、小型に区別される。除雪装置をつけて道路の除雪にも使用される。 [中山秀太郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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