Founder of the Indonesian women's education movement. Daughter of a nobleman (Bupati) in central Java. At the end of the 19th century, when there were no schools for ordinary children other than private Islamic schools, she experienced ethnic discrimination at the European elementary school where she was allowed to attend because she was from a privileged class. As she grew up, she keenly felt the need to improve the status of her own people, especially women, and tried to enter practical activities to enlighten women. Her intention, which she passed away shortly after getting married and giving birth to a boy, was realized by the ``Kartini School'' movement (a movement to establish a girls' school in Indonesia) that began in 1913. Her collection of letters ``From Darkness to Light'' (1911), which is a compilation of letters she sent to her Dutch acquaintances, is full of love for her fellow countrymen and calls for awakening, and had a great influence on the ethnic movement, including the Dutch East India Association (renamed the Indonesian Association (Purhimpunan Indonesia) in 1923). [Hiroyuki Mori] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インドネシアの女性教育運動の創始者。ジャワ島中部の豪族(ブパティ)の娘。一般人子弟のための学校がイスラム私塾以外にはなかった19世紀末に、特権階級出身のため入学を許されたヨーロッパ人小学校で民族差別を体験し、成長していくなかで、自らの民族、ことに女性の地位向上の必要を痛感し、女性啓蒙(けいもう)の実践活動に入ろうとした。結婚して男子出産直後にこの世を去った彼女の意図は、1913年に始まる「カルティニ学校」運動(インドネシアに女学校をつくる運動)によって実現された。彼女がオランダ人知己たちに送った手紙をまとめた書簡集『暗闇(くらやみ)より光明へ』(1911)は、同胞への愛に満ち、覚醒(かくせい)を呼びかけたその内容により、オランダのインドネシア人留学生団体・東インド協会(1923年インドネシア協会(プルヒンプナン・インドネシア)と改称)をはじめとして民族運動に大きな影響を与えた。 [森 弘之] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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