A general term for compounds in which metal ions are bonded together to form a single atomic group (called a cluster) through intermetallic bonds. They are sometimes simply called cluster compounds. They are usually found in low-oxidation halogeno complexes or carbonyl complexes of transition metals, especially second and third transition metals. For example, molybdenum chloride (II) MoCl 2 actually has the structure [Mo 6 Cl 8 ] 4+ and contains octahedral Mo 6 units, or clusters (Figure 1-a), and niobium chloride Nb 6 Cl 14 also contains Nb 6 clusters (Figure 1-b). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
金属イオンどうしが,金属間結合によって集まって一つの原子団(クラスターという)をつくっている部分をもつ化合物の総称。単にクラスター化合物ということもある。通常遷移金属,とくに第二,第三遷移金属の低酸化数ハロゲノ錯体あるいはカルボニル錯体などで多くみられる。たとえば塩化モリブデン(II) MoCl2は,実際には[Mo6Cl8]4+の構造をもち,正八面体型のMo6の単位すなわちクラスターをもっているし(図1-a),塩化ニオブNb6Cl14ではやはりNb6のクラスターが存在する(図1-b)。
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