When a judge or court clerk assigned to handle a case determines that he or she has a special relationship with the case (specifically, when there are grounds for disqualification or recusal), he or she may voluntarily withdraw from handling the case (Civil Procedure Rules, Article 12; Criminal Procedure Rules, Articles 13 and 15). In order to withdraw, permission from the court or other institution that has supervisory authority over the person is required (Civil Procedure Rules, Article 12), or a decision from a panel of the court or other institution to which the person belongs (Criminal Procedure Rules, Articles 13 and 15; Criminal Procedure Law, Article 23). The purpose of this system is to guarantee the fairness and impartiality of trials, and ultimately to ensure public trust in the judiciary. [Yoshinobu Homma] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ある事件を担当することになった裁判官または裁判所書記官が、自己がその事件と特殊な関係にあると判断したときに(具体的には除斥(じょせき)原因、忌避(きひ)原因があるとき)、自らその事件の担当から辞退すること(民事訴訟規則12条、刑事訴訟規則13条・15条)。回避をするには、その者につき監督権を有する裁判所等の許可(民事訴訟規則12条)、あるいは、その者の所属する裁判所等の合議体の決定(刑事訴訟規則13条・15条、刑事訴訟法23条)が必要である。この制度は、裁判の公正・公平を保障し、ひいては司法に対する国民の信頼を確保することを目的とする。 [本間義信] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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