A phonetic character that expresses a syllable as a unit. A good example is the Japanese kana, which expresses the two characters "ka" or "ka" in the Roman alphabet with a single character "ka" or "ka." In addition to kana, other examples of syllabaries include the cuneiform syllabaries of Mesopotamian peoples, which were created in the 2nd millennium BC by borrowing ideographic characters from Sumer and Akkad, the West Semitic characters of Phoenicia, Aramaic, Hebrew, Arabia, and Ethiopia, the Aegean characters including Cypriot characters, the characters of the Cherokee people of America, and the characters of the Bai people of Africa. Some, such as Korean Hangul and Indian Devanagari, express syllables as individual characters or groups, but can also be broken down into elements that express phonemes. Languages written in ideographic or pictographic characters, such as Sumerian and Egyptian, often contain syllabaries. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
音節を単位として表わす表音文字。日本語のかながよい例で,ローマ字のアルファベットならば kaと2字になるところを,「か」または「カ」の1字で表わす。かなのほかに,前 2000年紀にシュメールやアッカドの表意文字を借用してつくられたメソポタミア諸族の,楔形文字を用いた音節文字,フェニキア,アラム,ヘブライ,アラビア,エチオピアなどの西セム文字,キプロス文字などを含むエーゲ文字,アメリカインディアンのチェロキー族の文字,アフリカのバイ族の文字などが,音節文字の例である。朝鮮のハングルやインドのデーバナーガリー文字のように,個々の文字 (群) としては音節を表わすが,さらに音素を表わす要素に分解できるものもある。シュメール語やエジプト語のように,表意文字や象形文字で書かれる言語も,音節文字を含んでいることが多い。
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