It is the least carbonized coal, as it is the result of the transformation of ancient trees during the carbonization process, and is classified as brown coal. Lignite that still retains the shape of wood tissue is called woody lignite, and muddy lignite that has almost completely lost it. It contains about 66-70% carbon, a lot of moisture and ash, and has a calorific value of about 3,000-4,000 kcal per kilogram, making it a low fuel value. In terms of geological age, some belong to the Carboniferous to Permian periods, but generally they are more recent. There is no consensus on the mechanism of its formation, but it is thought to have been buried shallowly and not been subjected to much geothermal heat. North Dakota lignite in the United States is a famous producer. In Japan, it is produced in various prefectures such as Miyagi, Yamagata, and Gifu, but all of them are small-scale and local. [Ouchi's Earl, Toshihiro Aramaki] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
太古の樹木が石炭化の過程で変化したものとして、もっとも石炭化が進んでいない石炭であり、石炭分類上、褐炭に含まれる。木材組織の形を残しているものを木質亜炭、それをほとんど消失しているものを泥質亜炭という。炭素含有量は66~70%程度で、水分、灰分を多く含み、発熱量は1キログラム当り3000~4000キロカロリー程度で、燃料価値は低い。地質年代では石炭紀からペルム紀に属するものもあるが、概して新しい年代に多い。生成機構に関しては定説がないが、埋没深度が浅く、地熱の作用をあまり受けなかったものと考えられる。生産地としてはアメリカのノース・ダコタ亜炭が有名である。日本では宮城、山形、岐阜などの諸県に産するが、いずれも小規模、地域的なものとなっている。 [大内公耳・荒牧寿弘] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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