Oral Direct Method

Japanese: オーラル・ダイレクト・メソッド - おーらるだいれくとめそっど
Oral Direct Method

…In 1922, the British linguist HE Palmer came to Japan as a foreign language advisor to the Ministry of Education, and the following year, he was appointed director of the English Teaching Institute (later the Language Education Institute), which marked the beginning of reforms in English education. Palmer's oral method was a method of English education that emphasized pronunciation, oral work, "thinking in English," and training in responding in English without going through the translation process (hence the oral direct method), and he considered this method particularly effective for beginners. In 1922, the English Pronouncing Dictionary was published by D. Jones, and shortly thereafter, Okakura's "A Little English Pronounciation" and Ichikawa Miki's "English Pronouncing Dictionary" were published in Japan, and pronunciation notation based on the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) began to be adopted in Japanese dictionaries and textbooks. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "Oral Direct Method" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…22年イギリスの言語学者H.E.パーマーが文部省外国語教授顧問として来日,翌年には彼を所長として英語教授研究所(後の語学教育研究所)が設立され,英語教育の改革が緒についた。パーマー提唱のオーラル・メソッドoral methodは英語による英語教育で,発音と口頭作業,〈英語で考えthinking in English〉,翻訳の過程を経ずに英語で反応する訓練を強調し(それゆえオーラル・ダイレクト・メソッドoral direct methodとも呼ばれる),この方法はとくに入門期に有効であるとした。また,17年にイギリスのD.ジョーンズの《English Pronouncing Dictionary》が刊行され,その後まもなく日本でも岡倉の《英語小発音学》や市河三喜の《英語発音辞典》が出,国際音声字母(IPA)による発音表記が日本の辞典や教科書に採用されるようになった。…

※「オーラル・ダイレクト・メソッド」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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