O'Brien, WH - O'Brien

Japanese: オブライエン,W.H. - おぶらいえん
O'Brien, WH - O'Brien

...This film, which has a setting reminiscent of AC Doyle's "Lost World," in which the world is exactly as it was in the last century, deep inside an isolated island in the middle of the ocean, was originally born from a plan by MC Cooper, who co-directed with AB Szudsack, to make a staged documentary film in which a gorilla and a giant lizard would fight. In other words, the idea was aimed at the audience of horror and horror films, but after seeing the work of WH O'Brien, a master of special effects who worked on dinosaur model animation (puppet animation) in the technical department of RKO (who also happened to be in charge of the special effects for the aforementioned Doyle science fiction film adaptation, "The Lost World" (1925)), he decided to use this technique to make a giant gorilla go on a rampage, and the film ended up with an unprecedented special effects spectacle in which the last hour of the one hour and 40 minute running time was one climax after another. The grandiosity of the many panic scenes, like tall tales, was full of science fiction imagery that went beyond the realm of gags. ...

From King Kong

...Kong breaks free of his chains and rampages through the city, kidnapping an actress and climbing to the top of the Empire State Building, but his strength gradually weakens as he is hit by machine gun fire from fighter planes, and he crashes, leaving the actress at the top. This film, which was a huge hit worldwide and helped RKO Pictures recover from its losses, made a name for itself not only for producer and director Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack, but also for special effects artist Willis H. O'Brien (1886-1962), who was skilled at model animation of Kong and other dinosaurs. Kong's exquisite character, an animated doll (with a life-size head model used in some parts), is still loved by people today, and its Beauty and the Beast pattern, the depiction of panic in the attacked city, and the monster's final expression of sadness have been imitated in countless monster movies since.

From [Special Effects]

... Scientific optical synthesis devices, so-called optical printers, were gradually perfected in the 1930s when the rotation of projectors became more accurate, and in 1933, the historic special effects film "King Kong" was made, combining all the methods available at the time, including the still-developing optical printer, miniatures, and rear projection. This is a good example of a work featuring a character that is too large (or small) to be real, and is a representative work of Willis H. O'Brien, the founder of model animation special effects (also called object animation or dimensional animation, the terminology is still inconsistent), in which miniature models are given movement through stop-motion filming. This method was eventually passed on to O'Brien's student Ray Harryhausen, and his disciples Jim Danforth and David Allen. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "O'Brien, WH" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…絶海の孤島の奥に,前世紀そのままの世界があるという,A.C.ドイルの《失われた世界》的な設定によるこの映画は,そもそもは,A.B.シュドサックと共同監督したM.C.クーパーの〈ゴリラと大トカゲを闘わせる〉という,〈やらせ〉記録映画の企画から生まれた。つまりは怪奇・恐怖映画の客層をねらった発想なのだが,RKOの技術部門で,恐竜の模型アニメーション(人形アニメーション)に取り組んでいた特撮の名手W.H.オブライエン(くしくも前述のドイルのSFの映画化《ロスト・ワールド》(1925)の特撮も担当している)の仕事ぶりを見て,この技法で巨大ゴリラを大暴れさせようと決心したことから,上映時間1時間40分のうち,後半1時間はすべて山場に次ぐ山場という,空前の特撮スペクタクルが完成。そのパニック場面の数々のほら話的な壮大さは,げてものの域をこえたSFのイメージに満ちていた。…

【キング・コング】より

…鎖を引きちぎって街へ暴れ出たコングは,女優をさらってエンパイア・ステート・ビルへ登りつめ,戦闘機の機銃掃射を浴びてしだいに力つき,女優を頂上に残して墜落する。世界的な大ヒットによって,赤字のRKO映画を立ち直らせたこの作品は,製作,監督のメリアン・C.クーパーとアーネスト・B.シェードサックの名以上に,コングをはじめとする恐竜たちのモデル・アニメーションに腕をふるった特撮マン,ウィリス・H.オブライエン(1886‐1962)の名を高からしめた。アニメ人形(頭部の実物大模型も一部併用)のコングの,凶暴さと愛敬とがミックスされた絶妙のキャラクターは,今なお人々に愛され,〈美女と野獣〉のパターン,襲われた都会のパニック描写,モンスターの最後の哀感の表現などが,その後,無数のモンスター映画に模倣された。…

【特撮】より

… 科学的な光学合成装置,いわゆるオプティカル・プリンターも,プロジェクターの回転が正確になった30年代に徐々に完成したのだが,33年には,開発途上のオプティカル・プリンターや,ミニチュア,リア・プロジェクションなど,当時のあらゆる方法を組み合わせて用いた歴史的な特撮映画《キング・コング》が作られた。現実にはありえないほど巨大な(または矮少な)キャラクターが登場する作品の好例で,ミニチュアのモデルに,ストップモーション撮影で動きを与えるという,モデル・アニメーション特撮(これはオブジェクト・アニメ,ディメンショナル・アニメなどとも呼ばれ,今なお用語が不統一である)の創始者,ウィリス・H.オブライエンの代表作でもある。この方式はやがてオブライエンの弟子のレイ・ハリーハウゼン,孫弟子のジム・ダンフォース,デービッド・アレンらにひきつがれていく。…

※「オブライエン,W.H.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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