Overcoat - o-ba-ko-to (English spelling) overcoat

Japanese: オーバーコート - おーばーこーと(英語表記)overcoat
Overcoat - o-ba-ko-to (English spelling) overcoat

An outer garment or cloak worn on cold days to keep warm. It is generally lined and has a highly insulating outer surface made of fur, leather, woolen fabric, or a blend of wool and other materials. It is usually long-sleeved and has a collar or hood, but designs change with fashion. In the 17th century, a knee-length jacket called a cazak was used as military uniform or riding wear for men, and in the 19th century it became an outer garment used as an overcoat. Gradually, women also began to wear overcoats.

In Japan, it originally referred to a Western-style outerwear made of wool. The first reference to a "coat" (kaftan in Russian) was in an illustration of clothing brought back by Daikokuya Kodayu, who returned to Japan from St. Petersburg, Russia after a difficult journey after being cast away at sea in 1782 (Tenmei 2). Fukuzawa Yukichi's "Western Clothing, Food and Living" published in 1867 (Keio 3) refers to it as "top coat," and Harada Shinjiro's "Western Sewing Instruction Book" published in 1878 (Meiji 11) refers to it as "raincoat." Additionally, "Encyclopedia of Daily Use: Clothing and Trends" published in 1896 (Meiji 29) refers to it as "Obaa, coat," but the regulations for the uniforms of the army, navy, police, and other officials refer to it as "coat," not overcoat.

From the Meiji period to the beginning of the Showa period, old-style high schools and junior high schools required students to wear black or dark blue coats. The word "over" was used by university students and young office workers from the middle of the Taisho period. The English word "cloak," which replaces "overcoat," did not catch on in general, although hotel coat storage is still called "cloakroom" today.

[Yoshiko Tamura]

[Reference] | Court
Main types of coats (classified by use)
©Soga Shuichi ">

Main types of coats (classified by use)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

寒い日に防寒の目的で着用される外衣や外套(がいとう)のこと。保温性の高い毛皮、皮革、毛織地、ウールと別素材との交織などを表地に用いる裏付きのものが一般的。形は、襟やフード付きで長袖(ながそで)、丈長だが、デザインは流行とともに変化する。17世紀に、男子の軍服や乗馬服として用いられたカザックという膝丈(ひざたけ)の上着が変形したものの一つが、19世紀にオーバーコートとしての外衣となった。その後しだいに女子もオーバーコートを着用するようになった。

 日本では、古くは羅紗(らしゃ)製の洋服用外套をさした。1782年(天明2)に漂流し、苦難の旅を経てロシアのペテルブルグから帰国した大黒屋光太夫の持ち帰った衣服を図示したなかに、「外套(かったん)」(ロシア語でカフタンкафтан)とあるのが最初であろう。福沢諭吉の1867年(慶応3)刊行の『西洋衣食住』には「上衣(おわこーと)」とあり、1878年(明治11)刊の原田新次郎の『西洋裁縫教授書』には「雨衣(おばーこーと)」とある。また1896年(明治29)刊の『日用百科全書 衣服と流行』に「オバア、コート」とあるが、陸・海軍、警察官その他の官服の規定では「外套」といい、オーバーコートとはいわなかった。

 明治から昭和の初めまで、旧制の高等学校や中学校では黒か濃紺の外套を規定していた。「オーバー」の語は、大正の中ごろから大学生や若いサラリーマンの間で用いられた。オーバーコートにかわる英語クロークcloakは、ホテルのコートの預り所をいまでも「クローク・ルーム」とはいうものの、一般には定着しなかった。

[田村芳子]

[参照項目] | コート
コートのおもな種類(用途別分類)
©曽我秀一">

コートのおもな種類(用途別分類)


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Upper Saxony - Obersachsen

>>:  Obako Mountains - Obakosanchi

Recommend

Schmidt, J. (Linguist) (English spelling) SchmidtJ

…He then depicted how the Indo-European languages...

Eiji Yoshikawa

Novelist. Born on August 11, 1892, in Kuraki Dist...

History of famous paintings - History of famous paintings

China's first full-scale painting history boo...

Oshimichi - Oshimichi

…The blade is inserted into the handle, but a ham...

Ergodic theory - ergodic theory

The ergodic hypothesis is a hypothesis that is the...

Coaxial cable - doujiku ke buru (English spelling) coaxial cable

It is an unbalanced communication cable that has ...

Chemical metallurgy

The technology of extracting metals from ores thro...

Eleocharis acicularis (English spelling) Eleocharis acicularis

…[Tetsuo Koyama]. … *Some of the terminology that...

Akeno [village] - Akeno

A village in Kitakoma County in northwest Yamanash...

Feng Xuefeng - Balloon

Chinese literary critic. Born in Yiwu, Zhejiang P...

City town (English name) shì zhèn

Since the Song Dynasty in China, this has been the...

Stair cultivation - kaidan kousaku

This is the cultivation of crops on sloping land ...

Gas exchange

The process by which a living organism takes in ox...

Industrial Art

... However, while crafts were considered industr...

Semito-Hamitic (English spelling)

…Also called Semito-Hamitic. A name given since t...