Jianghu - Kouko

Japanese: 江湖 - こうこ

〘 noun 〙 (formerly also called "gouko") 1. Rivers and lakes. Also, places that are filled with large amounts of water. In particular, the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake. *Suga Family Books (around 900), 1. Twenty-rhymes on Autumn Mountains, "A thousand doors and windows stand side by side, and the rivers and lakes are one line." *Essays, Dan Dai Sho Shin Lu (1808), 159, "Of course, with the mountains behind and the rivers and lakes in front, it is not impossible for a small island not to be filled with emotion." [Zhuangzi - Xiaoyao You] 2. The world. Society. The underworld. ※Nippo Jisho (1603-04) "Gǒcono (Gaukono) yori ai, or tsuki ai" ※Hanayagi Shunwa (1878-79) (translated by Oda Junichiro) 8 "I hear your fame is growing stronger and stronger in the world of the rivers and lakes ." [Tao Qian - Poems on Jin Anbyeol] 3. A place far away from the capital. Also used for places where hermits live. ※Wakan Roei (around 1018) 2 "Once upon a time, he was a glorious guest of the capital, but now he is a fallen old man in the world of the rivers and lakes. (Bai Juyi)" [Nanshi - Biography of the In'itsu, Vol. 1] 4. ⇒ Goko (world of the rivers and lakes)

Gou- kogau... [Jianghu]

[Noun] ① A Zen temple on a river or by a lake other than a large temple. Also, the monks who hang their throne there. [Zenrin Shokisen (1741)] ② The world of Zen Buddhism. Zen world. *Kyouunshu (late 15th century) - Title: _Yosou Daiyoan, two poems: "A fisherman _{is drawn up} _with _a _fishing rod, and the modern winds of the river are blowing." ③ Abbreviation of "gokoso (river lake monk)." [Bunmeihon Setsuyoshu (mid-Muromachi period)] ④ Abbreviation of "gokoe (river lake association)." *Kana Zoushi, Katakana Hon Inkagogo (1661), part 2, "If this is not rested upon, it is said that the Jianghu will be dispersed." ⑤ ⇒ Kouko (Jianghu) [Essay] During the Tang Dynasty in China, Mazu Daoyi lived in Jiangxi and Shitou Xichan lived in Hunan, and many monks gathered around them, and this led to the use of the terms "jianghu" for the world of Zen Buddhism, "jianghu monks" and "jianghu gatherings" for summer retreats .

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (古くは「ごうこ」とも)① 川と湖。また、広く水をたたえたところ。特に、揚子江と洞庭湖。※菅家文草（900頃）一・秋日山行二十韻「戸牖棊千峙、江湖帯一条」※随筆・胆大小心録（1808）一五九「もとより山をうしろに江湖を前に、小嶋の心ゆかぬにはあらず」〔荘子‐逍遙遊〕② 世の中。世間。天下。※日葡辞書（1603‐04）「Gǒcono(ガウコノ) ヨリアイ、または、ツキアイ」※花柳春話（1878‐79）〈織田純一郎訳〉八「君の名声倍々(ますます)江湖(コウコ)に鳴るを聞けども」〔陶潜‐与毀晉安別詩〕③ 都を遠くはなれたところ。また、隠士の住む所などにいう。※和漢朗詠（1018頃）下「昔は京洛声華とはなやかなる客たり、今は江湖の潦倒とおちぶれたる翁となりたり〈白居易〉」〔南史‐隠逸伝・上〕④ ⇒ごうこ（江湖）

ごう‐こガウ‥【江湖】

〘名〙① 大寺名刹以外の江上・湖辺の禅寺。またそこに掛錫する僧。〔禅林象器箋（1741）〕② 禅宗の世界。禅界。※狂雲集（１５Ｃ後）題養叟大用庵二首「欲_下把_二一竿_一作_中漁客_上、江湖近代逆風吹」③ 「ごうこそう（江湖僧）」の略。〔文明本節用集（室町中）〕④ 「ごうこえ（江湖会）」の略。※仮名草子・片仮名本因果物語（1661）下「是を休玉わずんば、江湖を分散せんと云」⑤ ⇒こうこ（江湖）[語誌]中国で唐代に、馬祖道一が江西に、石頭希遷が湖南の地に住し、多くの僧徒がそのもとに集ったところから、禅宗の世界を江湖、禅僧を江湖僧、夏安居(げあんご)を江湖会(ごうこえ)と称する用法が生じた。

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