Umbrella joint petition - Kasarenpan

This refers to a circular or radial signature and seal at the end of a document pledging solidarity. In the case of a peasant uprising where the leader was unknown, this form was used to conceal the initiator and the village that initiated it, as the feudal lord would treat the first person to write the joint petition as the ringleader. In a 1681 (Enpo 9) complaint from 25 peasant villages in Shizuku Domain, Hitachi Province, the names of the villages were written in this format, and in a 1754 (Horeki 4) complaint from 10 villages in Ibaraki County, Hitachi Province, 30 village officials from each village signed and sealed the document in a joint umbrella format, and it stated that "no peasants were left behind."

[Kunihiko Mizumoto]

"A Collection of Historical Materials on Peasant Revolts (1980, Sanichi Shobo)" edited by Aoki Koji

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

結束を誓った文書の末尾に、環状もしくは放射状の形で記された署名捺印(なついん)をいう。百姓一揆(いっき)に際して指導者不明の場合、連判状筆頭者を首謀者とみなす領主側の取扱い方に対して、発頭人、発頭村を隠すためにこのような形がとられた。1681年（延宝9）常陸(ひたち)国志筑(しづく)藩25か村百姓訴状では村名がこの形で記され、また1754年（宝暦4）同国茨城郡10か村訴状には、各村村役人30名が傘連判形式で署名捺印したうえで、「惣(そう)百姓不残(のこらず)」とある。

［水本邦彦］

『青木虹二編『編年百姓一揆史料集成』（1980・三一書房）』

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