… Used for household items such as tableware, building materials, chemical industry equipment, etc. (3) Austenitic stainless steel Contains 13-30% chromium, 6-20% nickel, and 0.10% or less carbon. A typical example is called 18-8 stainless steel, which is low carbon and contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel. … From [Low temperature steel]...Metals with a face-centered cubic structure such as aluminum and austenitic steel do not lose their toughness even at low temperatures, but materials with a body-centered cubic structure such as ordinary steel and low-alloy steel have a property that their toughness drops rapidly below a certain temperature range (brittle transition temperature) (low-temperature brittleness), so they must be designated as low-temperature steel. Low-temperature steels can be broadly divided into three types: low-carbon aluminum-killed steel, low-temperature nickel steel, and austenitic stainless steel. (1) Low-carbon aluminum-killed steel This is a low-carbon steel that has as little sulfur and phosphorus content as possible, which impairs low-temperature toughness, and has aluminum added to refine the crystal grains and fix nitrogen. It is used in structures and refrigeration equipment in cold regions. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "austenitic stainless steel" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…食器等の家庭用品,建材,化学工業用装置等に使用される。(3)オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼 クロム13~30%,ニッケル6~20%,炭素0.10%以下を含む。代表的なものは18‐8ステンレス鋼と呼ばれ,低炭素で,クロム18%,ニッケル8%を含む鋼である。… 【低温用鋼】より…アルミニウムやオーステナイト鋼のような面心立方構造の金属は低温でも靱性を損なわないが,普通鋼や低合金鋼などの体心立方構造の材料はある温度域(脆性(ぜいせい)遷移温度)以下では急激に靱性が低下する性質(低温脆性)があるために,低温用鋼の指定が必要となる。 低温用鋼は大別すると,低炭素アルミキルド鋼,低温用ニッケル鋼,オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の三つに分けられる。(1)低炭素アルミキルド鋼 低炭素鋼であるが,低温靱性を害する硫黄,リンの含有量を極力下げ,アルミニウムを添加して結晶粒の微細化および窒素の固定を行った材料で,寒冷地における構造物,冷凍機器などに用いられる。… ※「オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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