…The Owari Domain's policy for new land development in 1654 (Shoo 3) indicated a direction to turn forest land into kurai land from local fiefs. The second policy was to establish shogunate-domain forests (Ohayashi, Onyama, Onrinyama, Onnatachi, Ontateyama, Onfudayama, Shikakurayama, etc.) under the complete kurai land of forest land, and to clearly distinguish them from agricultural forest land. Farmers who entered the shogunate-domain forests separated from agricultural forest land were subject to harsh sanctions, known as "one tree, one head." On the other hand, mountain and hay taxes were levied on agricultural forest land, confirming the use of forest land by farmers under the control of the feudal lordship. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Ochitachi" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…54年(承応3)の尾張藩の新田開発の方針中でも,地方知行のうちから林野を蔵入地化する方向が示されている。 第2の方策は,林野の全面的蔵入地化のもとで幕藩営林(御林(おはやし),御山,御林山,御直立,御立山,御札山,鹿倉山など)を設定し,これを農用林野から峻別する方向をとる。農用林野から分離した幕藩営林への農民の立入りには〈木一本,首一本〉といわれる過酷な制裁を加え,他方,農用林野には山年貢,秣場年貢を賦課して領主権の掌握下にある農民の林野利用を確認した。… ※「御直立」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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