Otsukabe Wall

Japanese: 大津壁 - おおつかべ
Otsukabe Wall

A type of topcoat for clay walls. A mixture of colored clay and slaked lime is mixed with susa (usually hemp, but for high-quality materials, paper susa) and mixed with water. Depending on the type of colored clay, a finish such as light yellow Otsu, yellow Otsu, or white Otsu can be obtained, and the hue can be adjusted relatively freely using pigments. The surface can be pressed down smoothly with a metal trowel, but a surface that is particularly carefully polished is called "migaki Otsu," and can achieve a luster similar to that of lacquer. However, the surface of Otsu walls deteriorates relatively quickly, so in recent years they have been replaced by lacquer, dolomite, or gypsum plaster coatings, which give a similar appearance. The name Otsu wall comes from the fact that high-quality white clay has long been available in Omi Province (Shiga Prefecture). Its use began in the mid-Edo period because it was easier to use than lacquer and did not require glue, and its popularity in Edo during the Kyoho era (1716-1736) was vividly described in the "Travels to the Eastern Capital" (1719).

[Yamada Koichi]

[Reference] | Wall plaster | Clay wall

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

土壁上塗りの一種。色土と消石灰とを混合したものに苆(すさ)(普通は麻苆、上質のものには紙苆を用いる)を加え水練りする。色土の種類により浅黄(あさぎ)大津、黄大津、白大津などの仕上げが得られ、なお顔料により比較的自由に色相を調整することができる。表面は金鏝(かなこて)で平滑に押さえられるが、とくにていねいに磨き上げるものを磨(みがき)大津とよび、漆塗りに似た光沢を得ることができる。しかし大津壁は表面の劣化が比較的早いので、近年では見かけ上、ほぼ同様の仕上げを得られる漆食(しっくい)、ドロマイトまたは石膏(せっこう)プラスター塗りにとってかわられつつある。大津壁の名称は近江(おうみ)国(滋賀県)に古くから良質の白土の得られたことに由来する。漆食に比べて糊(のり)を必要としない手軽さを買われて江戸時代中期から使用が始まり、江戸では享保(きょうほう)年間(1716~36)に流行していたさまが『東都紀行』(1719)に活写されている。

[山田幸一]

[参照項目] | 壁土 | 土壁

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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