[1] [Noun] ① An abbreviation of “jikitorihiki (direct transaction).” ② An abbreviation of “jikii (direct rank).” ※The Chronicles (720), Tenmu 14th year, March (Kitano version, Nanbokucho period) “Kyoto no tsukasa no kami ( chiki, chief attendant of the Imperial Court), Kose no Ason Shindannu soto” ③ An abbreviation of “jikisen (direct money),” “jikimai (direct rice),” “jikimono (direct goods),” etc. ※Kōyasan Documents - June 28, 1146 (2nd year of the Kūan era), Ajari Jakuzen's rice field sales ticket: "The rice field in question is a seven-ken, two-sided room with a single room, and is directly connected to the Noso room, with a perpetual limit of one place and two deposits ." ※Kin (1926)〈Miyajima Sukeo〉11 "Isn't that a matter of course? Whether it's a season ticket or a direct ticket , the customer pays the commission properly." [2] [Adjective-verb] ① The state of being straight. The state of being in a straight line. ※ Taiheiki (late 14th century) 13 "Both of his ears are peeled from the bamboo and point directly to the sky." ② The state of something coming to fruition without much time passing. →Jiki ni (1). ③ The state of doing something without any people or things being involved. The state of being direct. Immediately. ※Heike (13th century) 6: "Please be careful not to return without receiving my reply soon." ※Oshio Heihachiro (1914)〈Mori Ogai〉 1: "I have a letter to send to the magistrate soon." ④ The state of being close in relationship. Also, the state of being immediately superior or subordinate to another, such as between siblings. ※Fujoshi-zu (1907)〈Izumi Kyoka〉 1: "The oldest sister is a medical doctor, and the younger sister is a science bachelor. The next is an engineer." ⑤ The state of being honest in nature, etc. The state of being honest. ※ Konjaku (around 1120) 20: "Because she was so honest at heart, the immortals felt sorry for her and served her." [3] [adv.] A word that expresses a state of not being separated by much time or distance. Immediately. Immediately. Soon. (ii) (modifying a noun) expressing a state of being separated in space with little separation. ※Sakehon Nankyoku Eki Rojaku (1789) “I immediately went up to the neighboring village rice fields.” (iii) (modifying a verb) expressing a state of being separated in time with little separation. ※Kakuhon Hachishonin (1820-49) “I put my hands on you like this, and you twist them like this and you leave them.” [Etymology] (1) It comes from the Go-on pronunciation of the Chinese word “直”. Currently, the difference is that the Japanese word “sugu (sugu)” expresses an immediate moment, while “jiki” expresses a certain amount of time.
(2) Although neither "sugu" nor "jiki" originally had a time-related meaning, they were used in place of "yadayachi," which means immediately or immediately. "Sugu" appeared in the Middle Ages, but "jikini" was probably used from around the middle of the Edo period. In Chikamatsu's works from the early Edo period, "jiki (ni/no)" was used to mean directly or directly, and "sugu" was used to mean immediately or immediately. Immediately [directly] [1] 〘Adjective-verb〙 Straight and unbent. ① A state in which something is geometrically straight and unbent. ※Treasures of three volumes in old Hiragana typeface (c. 1179), “The mugwort among hemp is unbending.” ② Figuratively, a state of being straight and unbent. ( a ) A state of being upright and righteous. Honest. ※Hamamatsu Chunagon (mid-11th century), 3 “For the sake of the Emperor, he has been careful not to bend.” ※Before Dawn (1932-35), Shimazaki Toson, Part 1 “Such an upright heart as seen in the people of ancient times.” ( b ) A state of being fair and righteous in politics and the world. ※Shingosen (1303), Miscellaneous, 1435 “If we do not leave it to the will of the bow, the world will not be as upright as it is today. (Taira Munenobu) (c) A state of being ethically righteous. ※Dochirinakirishitan (1600 edition) (1600) 7 "Even if there is a great work that can be performed immediately, it is not possible to take it away from the performers." (Ni) The state of something being done, or its appearance, being straight and correct. ※Kokin Rendanshu (around 1444-48) 2 "No one can enter the state of being immediately without being in the position of master." ③ The state of being straightforward and without any twists and turns. (A) The state of being natural and straightforward with few variations in the method. The state of being without unpleasantness. ※Fushikaden (around 1400-02) 6 "For immediate Noh, if the musical lines are solid, this should be good." (B) The state of being as it is, without any changes. As it is. ※Heike (before the 13th century) 2 "How could you imagine that it would be wrong to announce it immediately?" (Ha) The state of being simple and not time-consuming. The state of being one-size-fits-all. Often used in a negative form. ※Joruri, the Twenty-Four Filial Piety of Japan (1766), vol . 1: “Murakami Saemon Yoshikiyo will not leave immediately . ” [2] [adv.] (Can also be used with “to,” “ni,” “no,” or “kara.” → suguto/sugudoki) ① Expresses the state of not delaying. Immediately. Immediately. ※Ukigumo (1887-89), from Futabatei Shimei, vol. 1: “The second bite is a quick one , like a bad guy.” ② Expresses the state of not leaving any distance. ※Kado Shamisen (1895), from Saito Ryokuu, vol. 5: “If you climb the ladder directly from the shop.” ③ Expresses the state of not having anything else in between. Directly. Directly. → immediately ②. ※Tsukumei (1946), from Dazai Osamu, “She is the boy’s older sister.” Naoshi nahoshi [straight] 〘Noun〙 (Noun derived from the conjunctive form of the verb "naosu (straight)")① To fix. To make something straight, to make it correct, to repair, etc. ※Eika (around 1028-92), Hatsuhana "When the people at the construction site saw it, they were forced to do something."② A general term for people whose job it is to repair objects. "Umbrella repair" and "lock repair," etc. ※Zappai, Yanagi Taru-Ichiroku (1781), "When they call for repairs, the locks will be raised."③ An abbreviation of "naoshizake (direct sake)" or "naoshimirin (direct mirin)." ※Zappai, Karai (1834-44), Hatsu "At the peak, they hooked me on the naoshi first thing in the morning."④ In the Edo period, after entertaining prostitutes for a certain amount of time, the act of extending the time for entertainment was called "onashi." Usually called "onaoshi." ※Sharehon・Heya Shamisen (around 1789-1801) "Guests who perform the afternoon performance are late returning home for the evening reception and are sure to have their performance corrected."⑤ In Kabuki, this refers to the kyogen actors going onto the stage before the performance begins striking a wooden clapper to signal the start of the performance, and once the props and other equipment are ready, striking two short clappers in front of the lower seat. This is the signal for the opening music to begin. ※Kabuki・Tsukiume Kaoru Oboroya (Hanai Oume) (1888), Act 2 "At this moment, the sound of the wooden clapper being fixed can be heard behind us as the curtain opens."⑥ Abbreviation for "iro naoshi (color correction ) ."⑦ Refers to an azusa miko (azusa shaman) . ※Bunrui Shokyu (1775) 1 "Azusa miko (abbreviation) In China, it is called naoshi." Ataiatahi [direct] 〘Noun〙 A type of surname given to local powerful families such as Agatanoushi (provincial governors) in the pre-Taika period. 'Give'. 'Atae'. ※The Chronicles (720), August, Year 23 of Emperor Yūryaku (720), (Maeda Honkun) "Otomo no Muroya no Omiuraji issued a will to Yamato Aya no Tsukano Atahi, saying" [ Etymology ] (1) The inscription on the 'Persona Mirror' housed at Sumida Hachimangu Shrine in Wakayama Prefecture, thought to date from the 5th to 6th century, reads 'Kaichuu Hachichō', and in the 'Choki - July, Year 2 of Emperor Kinmei', the inscription reads 'Kaifuchi Hachichō' (not to be added to the Imperial Cabinet's 'Atae'), quoting the 'Kakke Honki'. This proves that the word dates back to at least the beginning of the 6th century.
(2) In the "Shoki," the character "choku" is usually used, but the inscription on the statues of the Four Heavenly Kings in the Golden Hall of Horyu-ji Temple also uses "fei," and in the "Shoku Nihongi - Jingo Keiun Year 1, March 1st , Otoushi," there is a passage that reads, "Additional note: 2 Ordinary Fees. The situation is not good . Therefore, it has been changed to 2 Kuri Ordinary Fees."
(3) In the "Shoki," "atahi" and "atahie" are found in the ancient readings of the Insei period, such as the Maeda and Kitano versions, but the definite examples of "atae (he)" are much later. The fact that "atae" was mainly used until recently may be due to Motoori Norinaga's "Kojiki-den." Choku [direct] 〘Noun〙① (adjective verb) Straightforwardness. Also, the state of being so. ※Elementary School Reader (1884)〈Wakabayashi Torasaburo〉2 "You spin the hoop quickly, and I'll throw the ball straight." ※Junjo Kokyokushu (1925)〈Hagiwara Sakutaro〉Owatari Bridge "A long bridge has been built here, which will lead directly from the lonely village of Soja to the town of Maebashi." ② (adjective verb ) Being straight in mind, thoughts, etc. Being correct. Also, such a person or state. ⇔Curved. ※Gyokuyo - Jisho 4th year (1180), December 3rd " Do not flatter the times, speak frankly . I feel that I am truly a minister who is prone to admonishment and quarrel . You can speak straight." ※Humorous Book, Ukiyoburo (1809-13), vol. 4 "You are a man of honest character." [Book of Documents - Shunten] ③ (adjective-verb) Something simple. Something that is easy to do. Something that is inexpensive. Also, the state of being such. ※Shigoki - Oei 32nd year (1425), August 14th "A stray flame was burning on the north side of the house and the fire was put out. This is not a straightforward matter. The whole country is astonished and lamented by this matter." ④ (━suru) To be on duty and take charge of one 's duties. ※Shoku Nihongi - Taiho 3rd year (703), August 1st month, "Dazaifu requests that there be two medals, one made for the first direct division" ⑤ ⇒ Jiki (direct) Hita [direct] 〘Morpheme〙 Used before a noun or a similar word, or occasionally before a verb, to express a state of being completely devoted to that thing. ① Means being direct, or being in direct contact with something. "Hita-do" (hitatsuchi), "hita-omote" (hita front), etc. ② Means being straight, or being one-sided. "Hita-tsukai" (hitatsumi), "hita-michi" (hita road), etc. ③ Means being all over the surface of something. "Hita-shiro" (hitatsushiro), "Hita-kuro" (hita black), etc. ④ Means being pure, with nothing else mixed in. "Hita-sao" (hitakabuto), etc. ⑤ Mainly used before a noun derived from the conjunctive form of a verb, to mean that a certain action is being performed exclusively. "Hita-teri" (hitateri), "Hita-omomuki" (hita-omomuki), etc. ⑥ By placing the same verb after ⑤, in the form "to... ni... suru," it expresses the meaning of doing that action exclusively, or doing it extremely. "Hita-oshi ni oshisu" (hita push ni oshisu), "Hita-naki ni naku" (hita naki ni naku), etc. It can also be used as a verb, such as "hita hashi" (run) or "hita naku" (cry). [Additional notes] The most likely theory about the origin of the word is that it is an alternating form of "hito" (one) . Nao Naho [Direct] [1] [adjective-verb] A state without any bends or twists. A state of being straight. →nao nao, manao. [2] [adv] ① Expresses a state of having nothing particularly noteworthy. Without anything in particular. Ordinary. Ordinary. ※Tales of Ise (early 10th century) 39 “There are still poems about the desires of women under heaven.” ② Expresses a state of not making any special remarks, actions, or efforts. Doing nothing in vain. Without making any efforts at all. ※Manyoshu (late 8th century) 7.1349 “And thus will I still be old and snow-falling on the bamboos of Oarakino . ” [Additional note] Examples of (1) can be found in the “Manyoshu” in the form of “nao nao” and “manao,” which developed into the form of the adjective “nahoshi.” Nao - Shinaho [Direct] 〘Adj〙① The state of something being straight. ※The Maitreya Shangsheng Sutra, inscribed in the early Heian period (around 850), "The World-Honored One's nose was high and long, and also straight ." ② The state of being neat and tidy. ※The Maitreya Shangsheng Sutra, inscribed in the early Heian period (around 850), "The World-Honored One's appearance was clear and upright." ③ The state of mind, character, and other things being normal and not distorted. The state of being fair and honest. ※Shoku Nihongi - Imperial decree for August 17, 1st year of the Emperor Bunmu (697), "With a clear, pure, straight and sincere mind." [Additional notes] (1) "Nao naoshi" is more commonly seen in Japanese-style documents.
(2) Examples of the Shiku conjugation are also seen. → Naoshi (straight) [form Shiku] Deer deer [direct] 〘 noun 〙 (a word derived from "jiki") ① (adjectival verb) The absence of anything in between. Often used as a morpheme with other words. "Jika negotiating" and "jika baki" etc. → Directly. ※Zatsuwa Bunki (1719-61) Vol. 1 "The way to do this is to refrain from using direct language and to do it from above." ※Mummy's Lipstick (1913) by Tamura Toshiko Vol. 8 "The figure of Yoshio lying on the straight tatami mat" ② Chicken or chicken meat. ※Tosei Kagoto Suisennin (1832) "Kashiwa, jika" Atai- e-atahi-e [direct] 〘Noun〙 Old reading of "Atai (straight)". → Etymology of "Atai (straight)". ※Shoki (720), November, 3rd year of the Emperor Kogyoku (Tosho-ryo Honin) "I sent the Minister Atahie to build the Hokonuki Temple on Mt. Oho - niho" [Additional note] It is thought to be "Atahie (elder brother)", or it may be related to "Shoki - Before Jinmu's accession to the throne" and "Naobe (Nihonki Shiki Heihon, Atsuta Honin Atahie)" (this "be" is said to mean " equal" ). Hitta [direct] 〘adv.〙 (sometimes used with 「と」) = hitato (direct━) ※Sarugaku Dangi (1430) - about rhythm "From here on, you should make the most of the rhythm and get straight into the music." ※Joruri - Yoshitsune Senbonzakura (1747) - 1 "He looked around the house and said, 'Oh, oh.'" Jikki Jikki [Direct] 〘Adverb〙 A word derived from "jiki (direct)". ※Miscellaneous haiku, Yanagibako (1783-86) 2 "If she was a prostitute in Kyoto , she would be cut off from Shimada." ※Dandan Chinbun - No. 518 (1885) "Because she had a training there." Give it to me [directly] 〘Noun〙 = Atai (direct) ※ Chronicles (720) July 11th year of the reign of Emperor Jomei (Kanbun edition) "Fumu no Atae Akata was a great craftsman " Immediately [straight] 〘Adj.〙 Sugu・Shi 〘Adj.〙 Straight. Not curved. Correct. [Wa-Ei-Gyo-Rin-Shusei (First Edition) (1867)] Nao - Shinaho [Direct] 〘Adj. Shiku〙 = Naoshi (Straight) [Adj. Ku] ※Nichiren's writings - Misawa Sho (1278) "It is difficult to learn Buddhism easily." Immediately - Shi [straight] 〘Shape〙 ⇒ sugui (straight) Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information |
