Hans Vaihinger

Japanese: ファイヒンガー - ふぁいひんがー(英語表記)Hans Vaihinger
Hans Vaihinger

German philosopher. Professor at the University of Halle. Influenced by Kant, Lange, and Schopenhauer, he developed his own fictionalism interpreted in a pragmatic way, which he called positivist idealism or idealist positivism. According to him, thinking and cognition are means to reach the purpose of life, but the reality of direct experience cannot be recognized purely theoretically, and truth in the sense of agreement with reality cannot be realized. What is important is whether knowledge has practical value, and even if it is logically contradictory, it serves an important purpose in life. Knowledge is nothing other than "as if" it were true, and he preached that "our representation of the world is a vast fabric of fiction, full of contradictions." In 1897, he founded the journal Kant Studies, and in 1905, he established the Kant Society, working to promote communication and dissemination of the neo-Kantian school. His books include Die Philosophie des Als-Ob (1911), a philosophy as if.

[Yoshimitsu Senda March 19, 2015]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの哲学者。ハレ大学教授。カント、ランゲ、ショーペンハウアーの影響のもとに、プラグマティズム的に解釈された独自の仮構主義(フィクショナリズム)を展開し、それを実証主義的観念論ないしは観念論的実証主義とよんだ。彼によると、思考と認識は生活目的に到達するための手段であるが、直接的な体験の現実を純粋に理論的に認識することはできず、現実との一致という意味での真理を実現することはできない。知識が実際上の価値をもつかどうかが重要であり、論理的に矛盾を犯していても、それは生活のうえで重要な目的を果たしている。知識とは、それが真である「かのようである」ことにほかならず、「われわれの世界の表象形態は仮構の巨大な織物であり、矛盾に満ちている」と唱えた。1897年雑誌『カント研究』を創刊し、1905年にはカント協会を設立して、新カント学派の交流と普及に努めた。著書『かのようにの哲学』Die Philosophie des Als-Ob(1911)など。

[千田義光 2015年3月19日]

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