Banquet song - Enkyoku

Japanese: 宴曲 - えんきょく

The name in literary history of a type of medieval folk song called souga. It was established in the Kamakura region in the mid-to-late Kamakura period, and was sung by the samurai and other classes throughout the Muromachi period. The lyrics of 173 songs have been passed down in the form of anthologies in 8 parts and 16 volumes, including "Enkyokushu", "Enkyokusho", "Shinkyokusho", "Kyuhyakushu", "Jukashu", "Jukasho", "Besshi Tsuiseki Kyoku", and "Gyokurinen", as well as 1 volume of Gaimono. In addition, there are 48 partial parody songs in the secret books "Isetsu Hisho Kudenkan" and "Senyo Ryokyokukan". In addition, the first volume of the Senyo Mokuroku contains a preface by the editor Myoukū (who is said to be the same person as Tsukie, the lyricist and composer) and the names of the lyricists and composers of each song. The majority of the songs were written and composed by Myoukū. The subjects cover all aspects of life, but three groups stand out: a group of waka and renga-style themes such as "Spring," "Wedding," "Road of Love," "Kiryo," and "Seaside," a group of songs that sing of familiar animals, utensils, and various arts such as "The Virtue of a Horse," "The Virtue of a Brush," "Cart," and "Literature and Martial Arts," and a group of songs that sing of journeys to specific temples and shrines, good fortune, and beautiful scenery such as "Pilgrimage to Kumano," "Practice at Zenkoji Temple," "Spiritual Power of Tsuruoka," and "Beautiful Scenery at Eifukuji Temple." All of these songs give examples and a history of the subjects they cover, and praise them. The tunes are known from the ink transcriptions, but they are rhythmic, mainly based on meter, with non-metered sections inserted to add variety.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中世歌謡の一つ早歌 (そうが) の文学史上の名称。鎌倉時代中期～末期に鎌倉地方で成立し，以後室町時代を通じて，武士を中心とする階層に歌われた。 173曲の詞章が，『宴曲集』『宴曲抄』『真曲抄』『究百集』『拾菓集』『拾菓抄』『別紙追加曲』『玉林苑』の8部 16巻と外物1巻の撰集のかたちで伝えられ，ほかに『異説秘抄口伝巻』『撰要両曲巻』という秘伝書に 48編ずつの部分的替え歌がある。また，撰要目録1巻に撰者明空 (作詞作曲者である月江と同一人物との説がある) の序文と各曲の作詞作曲者名を記す。過半数の曲は明空の作詞作曲による。題材は生活の全般にわたるが，「春」「祝言」「恋路」「羈旅 (きりょ) 」「海辺」など和歌・連歌的題の一群，「馬徳」「筆徳」「車」「文武」など身近な動物や器物や諸芸などを歌う一群，「熊野参詣」「善光寺修行」「鶴岡霊威」「永福寺勝景」など特定の寺社への道行や縁起，勝景を歌った曲の一群，以上の3群が目立つ。いずれも，取り上げた題材についての佳例，来歴をあげ，賛嘆するものである。曲節は墨譜によって知られるが，拍律を主とするリズミカルなもので，なかに無拍子の部分が挿入されて，変化をつけている。

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