MGM=British

Japanese: MGM=ブリティッシュ - えむじーえむぶりてぃっしゅ
MGM=British

…(2) Because the two countries are both English-speaking, the overwhelming majority of American films are made in the UK, and the history of the UK is almost the same as the history of British films. In 1916, Hollywood film companies Famous Players and Lasky (the predecessor of Paramount) built a studio in Islington, a suburb of London, and produced "American films." In 1918, Hollywood master DW Griffiths shot the British national policy film "The Heart of the World" at the request of the Prime Minister of the time, Lloyd George. Since then, in the late 1930s, MGM British set the pace in the production of "American films" with British themes, such as "The Citadel" directed by K. Bidour and "Goodbye Mr Chips" directed by S. Wood (both 1939), or rather "British films" that were Hollywood-style blockbusters. In the 1950s, "American films" were also made by British production companies, such as "The African Queen" (1951) and "The Red Mill" (1952) directed by J. Huston. SP Eagle, who was involved in the production of The African Queen, was the pseudonym of Hollywood producer Sam Spiegel, who had fled to Britain from the Red Scare in Hollywood. He later produced American-financed British films such as The Bridge on the River Kwai (1955), directed by D. Lean, and Lawrence of Arabia (1962).

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "MGM = British" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…(2)同じ英語圏であるということもあって,イギリスで作られるアメリカ映画が圧倒的に多く,その歴史がほとんどそのままイギリス映画の歴史にもなっていること。ハリウッドの映画会社フェイマス・プレイヤーズ,ラスキーLasky(パラマウントの前身)が1916年にロンドン郊外のアイリントンに撮影所を作って〈アメリカ映画〉を製作し,18年にはハリウッドの巨匠D.W.グリフィスが時の宰相ロイド・ジョージの要請で,イギリスの国策映画《世界の心》を撮っているが,以来,30年代末には,MGM=ブリティッシュがK.ビドア監督《城砦》,S.ウッド監督《チップス先生さようなら》(ともに1939)などイギリス的題材による〈アメリカ映画〉,あるいはむしろハリウッド的超大作の〈イギリス映画〉の製作の先鞭をつけ,また50年代にはJ.ヒューストン監督《アフリカの女王》(1951),《赤い風車》(1952)などイギリスの製作会社による〈アメリカ映画〉も作られる。《アフリカの女王》の製作にかかわったS.P.イーグルは,ハリウッドの〈赤狩り〉から逃れてイギリスにきていたハリウッドのプロデューサー,サム・スピーゲルの変名で,この後彼はD.リーン監督《旅情》(1955),《戦場にかける橋》(1957),《アラビアのロレンス》(1962)などのアメリカ資本の〈イギリス映画〉を製作する。…

※「MGM=ブリティッシュ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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