Kabukiza - Kabukiza

Japanese: 歌舞伎座 - かぶきざ

Theater. Built in November 1889 (Meiji 22) in Kobikicho 3-chome, Kyobashi Ward, Tokyo (currently Ginza 4-chome, Chuo Ward) by Fukuchi Ochi with funding from Chiba Katsugoro for the purpose of improving the theater. The exterior was Western-style, while the interior was Japanese-style, a three-story building made of cypress, with a capacity of 1,824 people, a stage width of 13 ken (23.60 meters), and a snake-eye gate with a diameter of 9 ken (16.29 meters), making it the most impressive theater in Japan in terms of both size and facilities. Ochi aimed to create an ideal theater in terms of the plays, direction, and theater viewing system, but failed in management, and the following year he remained as a resident playwright, while management was passed on to the 12th Morita Kan'ya, then to Tamura Nariyoshi, and from 1913 (Taisho 2) to Otani Takejiro of Shochiku Partnership. In 1911, it was remodeled to a purely Japanese palace style, but in 1921 it burned down due to an electrical fault, and reconstruction was immediately started, but it was destroyed in the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923. In 1925, it was rebuilt as a luxurious, modern theater in the Momoyama style, four stories high, made of reinforced concrete. In 1945 (Showa 20), it burned down a third time in an air raid, but the original appearance was restored under the architectural design of Yoshida Isohachi, and the new theater opened in January 1951. Capacity: 2,600 people. Stage width: approximately 27 meters.

[Akira Kikuchi]

Opening of the 5th Kabukiza Theatre

The fourth Kabukiza was closed in April 2010 for reconstruction, and the fifth Kabukiza, retaining the same design as the original, was opened in April 2013 along with the 29-story Kabukiza Tower behind it.

[Editorial Department]

"Kabukiza Edition: Kabukiza" (1951, Kabukiza Publishing Department)

Kabukiza (5th period)
The fifth Kabukiza follows the design of the fourth Kabukiza, including the tiled roof, karahafu, and balustrade. Behind it stands the 29-story, 143m-tall office building "Kabukiza Tower." The complex is called "GINZA KABUKIZA." At night, it is lit up with light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and the theater area in particular is lit up in three different colors depending on the season: warm white (spring and autumn), pure white (summer), and warm white (winter). The amount of light is also adjusted depending on the time of day: "Evening" (around 17:30 to 22:00), "Night" (around 22:00 to 1:30), and "Late Night" (around 1:30 to 5:30), creating the "unscheduled time system" of the Edo period. Chuo Ward, Tokyo ©Shogakukan Photo by Hayashi Hiroki ">

Kabukiza (5th period)

Kabukiza (4th period)
After being destroyed by fire in the May 1945 air raid, it was rebuilt in January 1951. The exterior followed the pre-war design, with gables on both sides that gave it a sense of dignity. It closed in April 2010 to be rebuilt as the 5th Kabukiza, and demolition work was completed in October of the same year. Chuo-ku, Tokyo ©Yutaka Sakano ">

Kabukiza (4th period)

Kabukiza (first period)
The first Kabukiza. "Traveling Houses, Volume 29: The Capital" (1900, Meiji 33) Owned by the National Diet Library

Kabukiza (first period)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

劇場。1889年（明治22）11月、東京市京橋区木挽(こびき)町三丁目（現中央区銀座4丁目）に、演劇改良の実現を目的として福地桜痴(おうち)が千葉勝五郎の資金を得て建設した。外観は洋風、内部は日本風3階建ての檜(ひのき)造り、定員1824名、舞台間口13間（23.60メートル）、直径9間（16.29メートル）の蛇の目回しをもち、規模・設備ともに日本一の偉容を誇った。ここで桜痴は演目、演出、観劇制度などに理想興行を目ざしたが、経営に失敗、翌年自身は座付作者にとどまり、経営は12世守田勘弥(かんや)に、ついで田村成義(なりよし)に移り、1913年（大正2）以後松竹合名社の大谷竹次郎にゆだねられた。1911年純日本式宮殿風に改築、1921年漏電により焼失、ただちに再建にかかったが、1923年関東大震災により焼失。1925年鉄筋コンクリート4階建て桃山風の豪華な近代的劇場として再建。1945年（昭和20）空襲により三たび焼失したが、吉田五十八(いそや)の建築設計で旧観を復して1951年1月新築開場した。定員2600名。舞台間口約27メートル。

［菊池　明］

第5期歌舞伎座の開場

第4期歌舞伎座は建て替えのため2010年（平成22）4月に閉鎖され、建物の意匠は踏襲したまま、第5期歌舞伎座を背後の29階建ての歌舞伎座タワーとともに2013年4月に開場。

［編集部］

『歌舞伎座編『歌舞伎座』（1951・歌舞伎座出版部）』

歌舞伎座（第5期）
瓦屋根、唐破風、欄干など、第4期歌舞伎座の意匠を踏襲した第5期歌舞伎座。後方に29階建て、高さ143mのオフィスビル「歌舞伎座タワー」がそびえる。複合施設としての名称は「GINZA KABUKIZA」。夜間は発光ダイオード（LED）によりライトアップされ、とくに劇場部分は、温白色（春と秋）、純白色（夏）、暖白色（冬）の3種が季節によって使い分けられる。また、「宵」（17：30～22：00ごろ）、「夜」（22：00～1：30ごろ）、「深夜」（1：30～5：30ごろ）と時間帯によっても光の量を調節し、江戸時代の「不定時法」を演出する。東京都中央区©Shogakukan　撮影／林　紘輝">

歌舞伎座（第5期）

歌舞伎座（第4期）
1945年（昭和20）5月の大空襲により焼失後、1951年1月に再建。外観は戦前の設計を踏襲、左右の破風が威容を誇った。2010年（平成22）4月に第5期歌舞伎座へ建て替えのため閉館、同年10月に解体工事が終了した。東京都中央区©Yutaka Sakano">

歌舞伎座（第4期）

歌舞伎座（第1期）
初代歌舞伎座。『旅の家つと　第29　都の巻』（1900年〈明治33〉）国立国会図書館所蔵">

歌舞伎座（第1期）

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例

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