Siberian vine - Siberian vine

A deciduous wisteria of the Vitaceae family (APG classification: Vitaceae), with vertically fissured bark and no lenticels. Twigs are covered with reddish-brown downy hairs. Leaves are flat-ovate with 3-5 lobes, heart-shaped at the base, and have low tooth-like serrations on the edges. The upper surface is dark green and wrinkled, while the underside is initially whitish and later covered with reddish-brown downy hairs. Dioecious. Flowers bloom in June and July, clustered in small, yellow-green, spike-like panicles with tendrils. There are five petals, which are fused together at the end and fall off while remaining cap-shaped. There are five stamens and long filaments. Fruits are spherical and ripen black in autumn and are edible. They are found in abundance in the mountains and fields of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa, as well as in Korea and China. The insects that live in the pith of the vines are used as fishing bait, and the fluff from the undersides of the leaves is collected to make wormwood.

[Taiichi Momiyama October 18, 2019]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ブドウ科（APG分類：ブドウ科）の落葉藤本(とうほん)で、樹皮は縦に裂け、皮目はない。小枝は帯赤褐色の綿毛に覆われる。葉は扁卵(へんらん)形で3～5裂し、基部は心臓形をなし、縁(へり)には低い歯牙(しが)状鋸歯(きょし)がある。表面は深緑色でしわがあり、裏面は初め帯白色、のちに帯赤褐色の綿毛に覆われる。雌雄異株。花は6～7月に開き、小さくて黄緑色、巻きひげをもつ穂状の円錐(えんすい)花序に群がる。花弁は5枚、その末端で互いに癒合し、帽子のような形をしたまま脱落する。雄しべは5本、花糸は長い。果実は球形で秋に黒く熟し、食べられる。北海道、本州、四国、九州、沖縄の山野に多く、朝鮮、中国に分布。つるの髄の中にすむ虫を釣りの餌(えさ)に、葉裏の綿毛を集めてモグサにする。

［籾山泰一　2019年10月18日］

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