S (chord) - S

Japanese: S(和音) - えす
S (chord) - S

...Today, when people generally talk about tonality, they often mean functional harmonic tonality in the narrow sense. The term tonality was first used by the French writer Castil-Blaze in 1821, but the broad and narrow concepts of tonality mentioned above were established in an 1844 paper by Fétis.
[Functional harmonic tonality]
Functional harmony is based on the diatonic scale of major and minor keys, and is made up of functional relationships between triads (chords) that are made up of intervals of thirds.

From 【Harmony】

...In a broader sense, in European music, from the medieval organum to the polyphonic music of the Renaissance, harmonic phenomena that have not yet been fully regularized are abundant, and are also found in many folk music, including gamelan and gagaku. However, the concept of harmony is originally a concept used in European music, and in folk music it is usually distinguished from this by the concept of polyphony or polyphony (Mehrstimmigkeit).
[Functional harmony]
Functional harmony is the law of chord connection that governed European music based mainly on major and minor scales (key, major) from the late 17th century to the early 20th century, and was the basis of compositional technique.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "S (chord)" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…今日一般に調性といった場合,狭義の機能和声的調性を意味する場合が多い。調性という言葉は1821年フランスの著述家カスティル・ブラーズCastil‐Blazeによって最初に用いられたが,先に述べた広・狭義の調性概念はフェティスの1844年の論文によって確立された。
[機能和声的調性]
 機能和声は長調・短調の全音階に基づいており,そこから3度音程で構成される3和音(和音)相互の機能関係から成っている。…

【和声】より

…広義には,ヨーロッパ音楽では中世のオルガヌム以降,ルネサンスのポリフォニー音楽などに,まだ十分に規則化されない和声現象が豊かにみられ,また民族音楽においても,ガムラン,雅楽などをはじめとして多くみられる。しかし和声という概念は,本来ヨーロッパ音楽において用いられた概念であり,民族音楽においては,これと区別して多音性あるいは多声性Mehrstimmigkeitという概念でとらえるのが普通である。
[機能和声functional harmony]
 機能和声法とは,おもに17世紀終りから20世紀初頭までの長・短調(調,長調)の音階に基づくヨーロッパ音楽を支配した和音連結の法則であり,作曲技法の基礎であった。…

※「S(和音)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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