Uruppu Island

Japanese: 得撫島 - うるっぷとう
Uruppu Island

An island in the southern part of the Kuril Islands. In the past it was called Urufu Island or Rakko Island. It is connected to Shinchi Island to the northeast and Etorofu Island to the southwest. It is 117 km long, 20 km wide, and has an area of ​​1,420 square km. In the Russian Federation, it belongs to Sakhalin Oblast and is called Urup Island. The coastline is made up of sea cliffs, and Tokotan Bay on the northwest coast facing the Sea of ​​Okhotsk is the only anchorage. There are 25 volcanoes on the island, with two prominent ones being Shirotae-san (1,326 meters) in the south and Sekko-san (1,330 meters) slightly north of the center. The latter is a beautiful cone-shaped volcano that can be seen from 90 kilometers out to sea on a clear day, making it a good landmark for ships. A Dutch ship recorded the island in 1643 (Kan'ei 20), Mogami Tokunai explored it in 1786 (Tenmei 6), and the Edo Shogunate erected a wooden marker reading "Island under the control of Greater Japan" at the southern tip of the island in 1801 (Kyowa 11). Around 1878 (Meiji 11), Matsumae merchants who had moved from southern Sakhalin established a fishing ground there, but in 1884, the Meiji government relocated about 100 indigenous people to Shikotan Island.

[Kazuo Watanabe]

[Reference] | Kuril Islands

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

千島列島南部の島。古くは得生(うるふ)島、ラッコ島などとよばれた。北東は新知(シムシル)島に、南西は択捉(えとろふ)島に連なる。長さ117キロメートル、幅20キロメートル、面積1420平方キロメートル。ロシア連邦ではサハリン州に属し、ウルップ島Урупとよぶ。海岸線は海食崖(がい)が発達し、オホーツク海に面する北西岸の床丹(とこたん)湾が唯一の錨地(びょうち)。島には25の火山が並び、南部に白妙(しろたえ)山(1326メートル)、中央やや北寄りに雪光(せっこう)山(1330メートル)の2火山がぬきんでている。後者は美しい円錐(えんすい)火山で、晴天なら90キロメートルの海上から遠望でき、船舶のよい目標となる。1643年(寛永20)オランダ船が記録し、1786年(天明6)には最上(もがみ)徳内が探検、1801年(享和元)江戸幕府が島の南端に「大日本属島」の木標を立てた。1878年(明治11)ごろ南樺太(からふと)から転じた松前商人が漁場を開いたが、84年、明治政府は先住民約100人を色丹(しこたん)島に移住させた。

[渡辺一夫]

[参照項目] | 千島列島

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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